tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19018700004171205712024-02-08T06:09:57.591-08:00Essay writing for esl studentsEssay Topics On Joy Luck Clubrichardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.comBlogger30125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-29585541291442923202020-08-24T12:52:00.001-07:002020-08-24T12:52:03.947-07:00Online Writing Resources Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsWeb based Writing Resources - Assignment Example Resumes ought to contain contact data, training, work understanding, and destinations. Resumes and vitae ought to be custom-made to suit the organization and employment position inciting the application. The resume may possibly surpass two pages if the degree of experience outperforms passage level positions. Work environment composing is explanatory and has a client focused plan. In this manner, be it reports, notices or business letters, the language ought to be convincing and peruser focused. The purpose behind composing ought to be clear. Prior to composing, one ought to think about the peruser. So as to compose an explanatory and peruser focused message, the essayist needs to do an individual verification on the end-client of that data. Client focused composition, thinks about the author, the client, and the outcomes of following up on the message. The tone of composing delineates the writerââ¬â¢s mentality towards the client and the subject. In the case of composing a notice, letter or report, the message ought to be organized in light of the peruser, to satisfy the target. The essayist should utilize non-unfair language in an unmistakable, polite and sure way. The American culture requires the ESL to be comfortable with the ââ¬Ëlocalââ¬â¢ standards. The understudy ought to keep up away from of address (Mister, Sir, Professor, or Doctor) contingent upon a specific instructorââ¬â¢s inclinations. Titles should just be utilized with last names (family names). One ought to consistently keep up lines of correspondence by staying in contact and browsing messages. It is likewise prudent to utilize official messages when conveying. On the off chance that one is an understudy, utilizing oneââ¬â¢s college email address shows institutional alliance while applying for an entry level position. Plain language is consistently best when composing or talking. When imparting, it imperative to abstain from pampering acclaim or endowments. Keeping it basic is viewed as judicious. One ought to abstain from being late and utilizing mobile phones during one-on-one meetings. Individuals comprehend richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-32758228401434895472020-08-22T01:22:00.001-07:002020-08-22T01:22:16.790-07:00Accounting TheoryQuestion: Compose an article onAccounting Theory. Answer: Bookkeeping Theory From the above synopsis on BHP Billiton case, it utilizes productive market speculation bookkeeping hypothesis for future investigation reason. It is critical to comprehend the way that proficient market speculation infers venture hypothesis in beating market estimations of business element of BHP Billiton (Scott, 2011). It uncovers financial exchange proficiency just as causes existing offer costs in joining important data for the equivalent. Undoubtedly, it manages exchanging of offers at reasonable qualities particularly on stock trades for the equivalent. It demonstrates unthinkable that stock needs exchanging at reasonable qualities and buying at underestimated stocks for future investigation reason. Examination On basic examination, it is seen that BHP Billiton should utilize proficient market theory for completing the business in wanted structure. It is troublesome in beating the general market accordingly with master stock determination on advertise timing for the equivalent. It is one of the potential ways that helps speculators in acquiring more significant yields in buying less secure interests in a general way. From the budgetary hypothesis viewpoints, BHP Billiton should utilize EMH for tackling the claim and questions in simpler terms. It is silly in scanning for underestimated stocks just as trying in anticipating patterns in the business sectors in central specialized investigation in the most fitting way. It includes from scholastics for including in huge assemblage of proof in supporting Efficient Market Hypothesis for the equivalent. It rises to measure of dispute for existing models for future investigation reason. Financial specialists of BHP Billiton needs to accentuation on the predictable beating over market for longer timeframe. It characterizes ways for financial exchange markets crash just as review at the stock costs in going amiss with reasonable qualities in a general way. Effective market Hypothesis brings out legitimate reflection on specific stock assessment of BHO Billiton. As per EMH, financial specialists present favorable position in foreseeing the stock costs just as getting to dependable data for the equivalent. It influences the idea of data just as constrained to monetary news on BHP Billiton. It utilizes data from political, monetary just as get-togethers for consolidating exercises in a successful manner. It helps speculators in seeing data on stock value appearance in the most proper manner. It incorporates showcase members in supporting with same data just as having capacity in picking up news on BHP Billiton. End Toward the finish of the investigation, it is anything but difficult to assemble realities on the article on BHP Billiton shares jump following Brazil claim. Whole examination gives point by point depiction on the issues looked by BHP Billiton. In the following area, it uncovers that BHP Billiton requires for utilizing productive market speculation in illuminating the claim sooner rather than later. Legitimate documentations of fiscal reports by the budgetary bookkeeper will help in acquiring shares method of Brazil claim for the equivalent. It depends upon the investigation on bookkeeping hypothesis if there should arise an occurrence of comprehending BHP Billiton issues sooner rather than later. Reference List Deegan, C. Unerman, J. (2011).Financial bookkeeping hypothesis. Maidenhead, Berkshire: McGraw Hill Education. Freeman, R. (2011).Governmental and philanthropic bookkeeping. Boston: Prentice Hall. Glautier, M., Morris, D., Underdown, B. (2011).Accounting. Harlow, England: Financial Times/Prentice Hall/Pearson. Ker, P. (2016).BHP jumps on Brazil lawsuit.The Sydney Morning Herald. Recovered 18 May 2016, from https://www.smh.com.au/business/mining-and-assets/bhp-billiton-shares-plunge following-brazil-claim 20160504-golozb.html Kester, R. (2012).Accounting hypothesis and practice. New York: Ronald Press Co. Scott, W. (2011).Financial bookkeeping hypothesis. Toronto, Ont.: Pearson Canada. richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-64873857433428555052020-07-20T21:12:00.001-07:002020-07-20T21:12:04.433-07:00How to Conduct a Feasibility Study the Right Way How to Conduct a Feasibility Study the Right Way All businesses have to critically examine the actions they take, whether the business is just starting out or has been in operation for a while. Establishing the viability of an idea or action can ultimately determine whether a business succeeds or not. The best tool for determining this is by conducting a feasibility study. © Shutterstock.com | Rawpixel.comIn this guide, we will examine what a feasibility study entails and when it should be used. Weâll then outline the five key elements of a feasibility study and provide you with six steps for conducting one within your organization. Lastly, youll see some examples of feasibility studies.WHAT IS A FEASIBILITY STUDY?A feasibility study is a study, which is performed by an organization in order to evaluate whether a specific action makes sense from an economic or operational standpoint. The objective of the study is to test the feasibility of a specific action and to determine and define any issues that would argue against this action.The question a feasibility study essentially tries to answer is: âShould we proceed with the specific action plan?â On top of determining whether the plan is viable, organizations can use a feasibility study for understanding the risks better and preparing for them.Itâs important to remember that a feasibility study is not the same as a business plan. A business plan provides a planning function and defines the actions needed to take a business idea into reality, whereas a feasibility study provides an investigation into a specific function and whether itâs viable.While itâs important to conduct both plans before setting up a company, a business plan should only be conducted once the business has been deemed viable by a feasibility study.When should a feasibility study be used?While feasibility studies are typically conducted by business organizations, other organizations can naturally benefit from it as well. Since the study aims to discover whether an action is viable, it can help organizations to avoid costly or operationally exhausting ventures.The study is typically used in situations where an important strategic decision needs to be taken.This can vary and some of the example situations include:Change in business locationPurchase of new equipment or softwareAcquisition of another com panyHiring of additional employeesAs mentioned above, a feasibility study is often at the core of launching a business. It can be the key to launching a successful start-up, as it helps to underline the future pain points and to determine whether the plan is viable in the first place.Overall, a feasibility study is the perfect tool for situations where the impact is likely to be big in terms of operational or economic significance.David E. Gumpert nailed the essential importance of a feasibility study in his book How to Really Create a Successful Business Plan. When discussing the possible failure of a feasibility study (i.e. the negative result), Gumpert wrote, âAlthough [an unsuccessful feasibility study] may appear to be a failure, itâs not. The failure would have been if you had invested your own and othersâ money and then lost it due to barriers you failed to research in advance.âFinally, you can watch the below video to understand the importance of a feasibility study for business success through a simple example: CORE ELEMENTS OF A FEASIBILITY STUDYYouâll need to study the main elements when conducting a feasibility study. While these are often all required for conducting a study, you might sometimes focus mostly on a single element or a combination of a few of them.#1 Technical feasibilityThe first element deals with technical feasibility of the proposed action plan. If your organization is introducing a new product or a service, the technical feasibility study will determine if itâs a technically viable action.This part of the feasibility study should answer the following questions:What is the proposed product or service?Is the product or service already on sale? If not, how far is it from an existing marketplace and what will the introduction cost?How can you protect the product or service from the competition?What are the strengths of the product or service?What are the main benefits to customers or users?What resources are required for producing or providing it?How capable is the organization to acquire these resources?What are the regulatory standards surrounding the product or service and its use?Remember the above questions can be used when you are introducing a new product or launching a business, but also if you are implementing a new product or service within your organization. For instance, if you are introducing new software, you must understand the strengths of it, as well as the resources required for implementing it.#2 Market feasibilityThe second element focuses on testing the market for the proposed action or idea. It examines issues like whether the product or service can be sold at reasonable prices or if thereâs a marketplace for it.Market feasibility should answer the following questions:What market segments are you targeting?Why would people buy the product or service?Who are the potential customers and how many of them are there?What are the buying patterns of these potential customers?How w ill you sell the product or service? Where?Who are your competitors? Including past, current and future competitors.What are the strengths and weaknesses of your competitors?What is your product or serviceâs competitive edge?The above essentially points out to the importance of conducting market research as part of your feasibility study. Market feasibility is an important part of a feasibility study when the plan of action deals with issues such as business expansion, new product or service launch, product development and starting up a business. #3 Commercial feasibilityCommercial feasibility is an element of the study focused on the probability of commercial success. Itâs mainly focused on studying the new business or a new product or service, and whether your organization can create enough profit with it.The questions that require answering as part of the commercial feasibility study include:What are the strengths and weaknesses of your business?What are the potential sales volumes of the product or service?What is the pricing structure youâll use?What are the sensitivity points for your business in terms of sales?What is the ROI?Furthermore, if you are conducting a feasibility study as part of launching a business, you also need to answer the following questions:How long can your business survive without a sale?How long before you break even with the product or service?How much money is required to start operating?Will your organization require external finance?While the above points are mainly important for new businesses, any organization can benefit from thinking about them when launching a new operation.For example, if you are adding a new product line to your business, you should use the above questions as a guide to understanding the implications to your other operations and the financial viability of the new product.#4 Overall risk assessmentThe fourth element focuses on the major risks the proposed plan can entail. The overall risk assessmen t part of a feasibility study examines the different ways your organization can reduce the risk of embarking on the new action.The overall risk assessment should answer the following questions:What are the major risks associated with the operation?What is the survival outlook for each of the above risks?How sensitive are the profits?What are the best ways to minimize these risks?The aim is to try to cover all the possibilities and create a risk assessment map, which deals with the probability of the risk and the impact it would have on the business. Itâs aimed at recognizing the risks that can make or break your business from the smaller, more manageable risks.For instance, consider your business is conducting a feasibility study in order to hire a new employee. One risk might deal with the possibility the hire is an inadequate fit and leaves after six month trial period. But your risk assessment might show that while the risk of this is relatively high, the survivability of your business doesnât depend on it. For example, the cost of a bad hire could be low due to your recruitment strategy or the position not being essential for operations.This is how you can create your own risk assessment map.[slideshare id=1707548doc=riskmanagementframework-090710200059-phpapp01w=640h=330]In addition, if you are launching a new business, the overall risk assessment should also consider one final question. Answering the question âWhen can your business be able to support you and itself without extra financing?â is an important part of a feasibility study. Self-sufficiency is crucial for business success, as having to borrow can hinder the long-term survivability of your business.#5 Feasibility of purchasing an existing businessThe final essential element of a feasibility study is not necessarily relevant to every business. Nonetheless, it is an important aspect to keep in mind, as it deals with the impact of acquiring a new business. This is not only relevant to new businesses, as your organization might acquire a new business as part of its growth strategy.The purpose of this final element is to study whether purchasing an existing business is a sound investment to make. It requires your organization to answer questions such as:Why is the current owner selling the business?What is the businessâ performance? If itâs poor, what are the reasons behind it?What is the competition like?What is the valuation of the assets included in the sale?What are the advantages and disadvantages of the current business location? Is your organization continuing operations in the same premises or not? Why?STEPS TO CONDUCTING A FEASIBILITY STUDYNow that weâve examined the different core elements of a feasibility study, we can look at the steps you need to take in order to conduct a feasibility study.Step 1: Conduct preliminary analysisA feasibility study can be a time-consuming process and it doesnât come without its costs. Itâs therefore auspicious to s tart by conducting preliminary analysis. This is essentially a pre-screening of the proposed action and it examines whether a proper feasibility assessment is worth the time and money.For example, before you conduct a feasibility study on the viability of acquiring a business, you want to check quickly the overall attainability of the action. If the acquisition is so risky that it could bankrupt your business, thereâs no reason for conducting a proper feasibility study.Preliminary assessment should consist of the following steps:First, you want to outline the planned idea or action. This means looking at what you are looking to achieve and why.Second, you should examine the market space and the commercial viability of the action. You want to get an overall feel of what type of customers are you potentially attracting.Third, you should examine the unique characteristics of the idea and whether they are strength or a weakness. The idea or action might have certain unique characteris tics (i.e. location, price, usability) and these might help your organization.Fourth, you need to determine if there are insurmountable risks to the action. Itâs essential to outline any risks that could possibly reduce the viability of the action or idea close to zero.Keep in mind the above is just to get an overall feel of the idea. You donât need to conduct full market research at this point, but simply understand whether thereâs any kind of space for the action within the market.If your preliminary analysis doesnât find any insurmountable obstacles and the commercial viability is possibly there, you can continue with the proper feasibility study.Step 2: Outlining the project scope and conducting current analysisNext, you should move on to outlining the project scope by defining the area of study for the feasibility study. Do you need to look at all five elements of the study, for example?The scope must be detailed and outline the objectives of the feasibility study clear ly. Itâs a good idea to examine the above five elements in terms of your action or idea and create an action plan for each section that applies to the project.Itâs essential to study the different parts of your business that might be influenced by the proposed action or idea, even when you arenât proposing something that impacts the whole business directly (i.e. launching a new product, acquiring a business or starting a business). Actions, such as hiring new personnel to a single department, can sometimes have an impact on sectors that might not immediately seem obvious.The key to outlining the scope is about understanding the different participants and end-users of the proposed idea or action. For instance, if you are moving the business to new premises, you have to understand the impact itâll have on the workforce (change in commute can an impact on employee morale, etc.) and the customer (will all customers follow your business to a new location, etc.).Finally, you also need to analyze the current situation prior to the implementation of the idea or action. You can do so by describing the weaknesses and strengths of the business. Once youâve done this, you can study the savings and the operational benefits you are hoping to achieve with the new proposal.Step 3: Comparing your proposal with existing products/servicesYouâll also need to research the current competitive landscape in order to understand whether the proposed idea or action is viable. Whether you are implementing a new software or equipment or launching your own new product, you need to compare the proposed product or service with other similar items on the market.This might mean you need to compare the feasibility of your chosen software (for example, accounting platform) with other products on the market. What are the benefits of your proposed choice and what are the weaknesses? Are the risks associated with your chosen software smaller or bigger than those of competitive products? The same analysis applies when launching a new product. Part of your feasibility study must then focus on understanding what the customers are looking for and whether your proposed idea answers these needs. You should also compare the proposed product with the existing products or services and focus on the advantages, as well as disadvantages, you might have.Learn more about Porters five forces in this video. Step 4: Examining the market conditionsYou also need to examine the market conditions. There are four specific points when it comes to the analyzing market in terms of feasibility.Defining the target market.Studying the buying habits of the target market.Understanding the sale and market share outlook of the proposal.Outlining the product awareness required for the use of your product or service.The main goal of this part of the feasibility study is to understand the revenue projection for implementing the proposed idea or action. You want to have a realistic understanding of t he kind of sale numbers you can expect and the scope of the promotional activities you are required to undertake.For example, in terms of product or service awareness, you must be able to determine the type of marketing required for potential customers to understand and be able to use the item.Step 5: Understanding the financial costsOne of the most important steps for concluding a feasibility study involves calculating the financial costs related to the proposal. No matter what type of idea or action your organization is considering, the financial cost of it can be the major point in determining its viability.The first rule of any successful business is the need to have income or it goes bust. Therefore, any action your organization takes has to examine the impact itâll have on the income and profit of the business.The financial costs associated with your proposed idea or action will naturally depend on the proposal. But you have to consider the following points in all instances: The resources required to implement the idea or action.The source for these resources: internal or external financing.The realistic benefits of the idea or action, whether itâs sales figures, boost in productivity, or a cut in operational costs.The break-even schedule for the proposal. This refers to the time it takes to a point when the profits from the idea or action equal the costs associated with it.The financial risks associated with the idea or action. This can refer to risky market conditions, the probability of requiring more resources and so on.The financial cost of failure. You also need to calculate the financial cost of the worst-case scenario. This can determine whether your business has the means of embarking on this new venture or not.The likelihood of having to use estimates in the above calculations is relatively high. Itâs important to conduct proper research and to be as realistic with your figures as possible. After all, positive surprises (for example, excee ding sales figures) are not difficult to manage, unlike overly positive calculations that turn out wrong.Step 6: Reviewing and analysing dataFinally, you need to review your feasibility study carefully and examine the findings with time. A good rule of thumb is to simply take a step back and reflect on the research before jumping into conclusions.After your study, look around and consider the following questions:Are there any risks you werenât aware of previously?Have the market conditions changed?Has the competition changed?Is your business situation still the same, in terms of operations and economic situation?If the conditions have changed, you can review these parts of the feasibility study. Once youâve reviewed your results, you can go ahead with the final decision. The feasibility study should provide you the answer of either moving ahead with the proposed idea or action, or scrapping the idea and looking for something different.EXAMPLES OF FEASIBILITY STUDIESUse the follo wing examples as inspirations for your own feasibility study.Feasibility study for setting up a bakery.[slideshare id=28843825doc=feasibilitystudy-131203075213-phpapp02type=dw=640h=330]Feasibility study for setting up a water refilling station.[slideshare id=40064756doc=alphaedit-141009073249-conversion-gate02type=dw=640h=330]Feasibility study for setting up a poultry business.[slideshare id=41782939doc=feasibilitystudyaboutchicken-141119201619-conversion-gate02type=dw=640h=330] richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-46409031882639244932020-05-21T23:38:00.001-07:002020-05-21T23:38:03.246-07:0050 Important Facts You Should Know About Teachers For the most part, teachers are undervalued and underappreciated. This is especially sad considering the tremendous impact that teachers have on a daily basis. Teachers are some of the most influential people in the world, yet the profession is continuously mocked and put down instead of being revered and respected. A large majority of people have misconceptions about teachers and do not truly understand what it takes to be an effective educator. The Silent Majority As in any profession, there are teachers who are great and those who are bad. When adults look back on their years in school, they often remember the great teachers and the bad teachers. However, those two groups only combine to represent an estimated 5% of all teachers. Based on this estimate, 95% of teachers fall somewhere in between those two groups. This 95% may not be memorable, but they are the teachers who show up every day, do their jobs and receive little recognition or praise. Misunderstood Profession The teaching profession is often misunderstood. The majority of non-educators do not have any idea what it takes to teach effectively. They do not understand the daily challenges that teachers across the country must overcome to maximize the education their students receive. Misconceptions will likely continue to fuel perceptions about the teaching profession until the general public understands the true facts about teachers. What You May Not Know About Teachers The following statements are generalized. Though each statement may not be true for every teacher, they are indicative of the thoughts, feelings, and work habits of the majority of teachers. Teachers are passionate people who enjoy making a difference.Teachers do not become teachers because they are not smart enough to do anything else. Instead, they become teachers because they want to make a difference in shaping young peoples lives.Teachers do not just work from 8 a.m. to 3 p.m. with summers off. Most arrive early, stay late and take papers home to grade. Summers are spent preparing for the next year and at professional development opportunities.Teachers get frustrated with students who have tremendous potential but do not want to put in the hard work necessary to maximize that potential.Teachers love students who come to class every day with a good attitude and genuinely want to learn.Teachers enjoy collaboration, bouncing ideas and best practices off of each other, and supporting each other.Teachers respect parents who value education, understand where their child is academically and support what the teacher does.Teachers are real people. They have lives outside of school. They have terrible days and good days. They make mistakes.Teachers want a principal and administration that support what they are doing, provide suggestions for improvement and value their contributions to their school.Teachers are creative and original. No two teachers do things exactly alike. Even when they use another teacherââ¬â¢s ideas, they often put their own spin on them.Teachers are continuously evolving. They are always searching for better ways to reach their students.Teachers do have favorites. They may not come out and say it, but there are those students, for whatever reason, with whom they have a natural connection.Teachers become irritated with parents who do not understand that education should be a partnership between themselves and their childââ¬â¢s teachers.Teachers are control freaks. They hate it when things do not go according to plan.Teachers understand that individual students and individual classes are different and tailor their lessons to mee t those individual needs.Teachers do not always get along with each other. They may have personality conflicts or disagreements that fuel a mutual dislike, just as in any profession.Teachers appreciate being appreciated. They love it when students or parents do something unexpected to show their appreciation.Teachers generally do not like standardized testing. They believe it creates added unnecessary pressures on them and their students.Teachers do not become teachers because of the paycheck; they understand that they are usually going to be underpaid for what they do.Teachers dislike it when the media focuses on the minority of teachers who make mistakes, instead of on the majority who consistently show up and do their jobs on a daily basis.Teachers love it when they run into former students who tell them how much they appreciated what they did for them.Teachers hate the political aspects of education.Teachers enjoy being asked for input on key decisions that the administration wi ll be making. It gives them ownership in the process.Teachers are not always excited about what they are teaching. There is usually some required content that they do not enjoy teaching.Teachers genuinely want the best for all of their students: They never want to see a child fail.Teachers hate to grade papers. It is a necessary part of the job, but it is also extremely monotonous and time-consuming.Teachers are consistently searching for better ways to reach their students. They are never happy with the status quo.Teachers often spend their own money on the things they need to run their classroom.Teachers want to inspire others around them, beginning with their students but also including parents, other teachers and their administration.Teachers work in an endless cycle. They work hard to get each student from point A to point B and then start over the next year.Teachers understand that classroom management is a part of their job, but it is often one of their least favorite things to handle.Teachers understand that students deal with different, sometimes challenging, situations at home and often go above and beyond to help a student cope with those situations.Teachers love engaging in meaningful professional development and despise time-consuming, sometimes pointless professional development.Teachers want to be role models for all of their students.Teachers want every child to be successful. They do not enjoy failing a student or making a retention decision.Teachers enjoy their time off. It gives them time to reflect and refresh and to make changes they believe will benefit their students.Teachers feel like there is never enough time in a day. There is always more that they feel they need to do.Teachers would love to see classroom sizes capped at 15 to 20 students.Teachers want to maintain an open line of communication between themselves and their students parents throughout the year.Teachers understand the importance of school finance and the role it plays i n education but wish that money was never an issue.Teachers want to know that their principal has their back when a parent or student makes unsupported accusations.Teachers dislike disruptions but are generally flexible and accommodating when they occur.Teachers are more likely to accept and use new technologies if they are properly trained on how to use them.Teachers become frustrated with the relatively few educators who lack professionalism and are not in the field for the right reasons.Teachers dislike it when a parent undermines their authority by denigrating them in front of their children at home.Teachers are compassionate and sympathetic when a student has a tragic experience.Teachers want to see former students be productive, successful citizens later in life.Teachers invest more time in struggling students than any other group and are thrilled by the ââ¬Å"light bulbâ⬠moment when a student finally starts to get it.Teachers are often scapegoats for a studentââ¬â¢s failureà when in reality it is a combination of factors outside the teacherââ¬â¢s control that led to failure.Teachers often worry about many of their students outside of school hours, realizing that they do not always have the best home life. richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-64509512212574808192020-05-06T23:58:00.001-07:002020-05-06T23:58:16.764-07:00Gilgamesh, Persepolis and Hamlet Exam Paper - 784 Words EXAM JOURNAL: MIDTERM QUESTIONS The following are the pool from which the three (3) questions on your Midterm Exam will be culled. As explained in the syllabus you are required to keep exam journals for the Gilgamesh, Persepolis and Hamlet readings, based on the separate questions listed on Blackboard for each text. You may use your Exam Journals together with your completed Freud Vocabulary when you take the Midterm Exam 1. Both Ophelia and Marjane experience bouts of deep depression. In what ways are the conditions that contribute to their respective depressions similar and how do they differ? What, other than the difference in their temperaments, might account for each responded to her sorrows? What events led to each young womanââ¬â¢sâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦9. Freud claims that the Oedipal\Electra dynamic plays a significant role in human development. How might understanding this dynamic help us interpret Hamletââ¬â¢s actions? Opheliaââ¬â¢s actions? How might Hamletââ¬â¢s unresolved issues with Gertrude, King Hamlet and Claudius explain his actions? How might Opheliaââ¬â¢s lack of a mother figure and relation to Polonius explain hers? 10. Based on the typology of Joseph Campbell, Lynne Milurn describes a typology of the Heroââ¬â¢s Journey. A. Apply her stages to the journey of: i. Gilgamesh Enkiduââ¬â¢s from the poemââ¬â¢s beginning thru their journey to the Cedar Forest ii. Gilgameshââ¬â¢s search for immortality iii. Hamlet B. In what ways do the aspects of Marjaneââ¬â¢s journeys correspond and how do they deviate from Milumââ¬â¢s typology? Indicate those elements and characters of the Heroââ¬â¢s Journey present in Persepolis In what ways might they not follow the progression of stages that Milum details C. Can these same stages might be applied to the psycho-analytic (From the time one realizes the need to go to a therapist til one is cured) and \or psycho-sexual developmental journey (from birth to adulthood) as described by richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-72328740161712575052020-05-06T08:53:00.001-07:002020-05-06T08:53:24.412-07:00Development and Reward System Free Essays Organizations today realize that employees are part of their competitive advantages. Along with effective business strategies and sufficient capital, investments for developing highly skilled human resources have been part of most companiesââ¬â¢ road towards success. In order to obtain this unique competitive advantage, organizational management must be able to give sufficient motivation to their employees (Creech, 1995). We will write a custom essay sample on Development and Reward System or any similar topic only for you Order Now One of the considered approaches of management in motivating their employees is through reward system. Primarily, the goal of this paper is to provide an analysis of the aims of organisation in setting reward system. In addition, this will also provide discussions of some of the trends in reward practice and the emerging laws that affect employee rewards. Aims of Organisation for Setting Reward System In Human Resource Management, the employee reward policy is intended to align employees with organizational strategy by providing incentives for employees to act in the firmââ¬â¢s interest and perform well over time. Expectancy theory carries a clear message that employees must feel confident that their effort will affect the rewards they receive. Perceptions of equity are therefore crucial in an employeeââ¬â¢s decision to remain and produce valuable work. Equity is a multidimensional construct, embracing external equity (the degree to which a firm pays employees the rate they would find in the external labour market), internal equity (the degree to which a firm differentiates pay between employees on the basis of performance in similar jobs), and individual equity (the degree to which employees are rewarded proportionately to their individual performance) (Dean and Snell, 1993). Because of the changing demands of performance on employees in high- velocity companies, perceptions of equity in its three forms may become confused, as job roles and job interdependence become more varied and flexible. Since employees would expect that as their job changes, so will their rewards, designing reward systems in high-velocity environments presents a major challenge to organizations. In high-velocity environments, a premium is placed on individuals who are able to operate in ambiguous circumstances and who are able to take advantage of loose job descriptions provided by their employers. Organizations in high-velocity environments are willing to pay proportionally higher salaries to individuals who have such skills. We would expect, therefore, that emphasis on individually equitable rewards as a means of recruiting and retaining highly capable employees would be required (Gomez-Mejia and Welbourne 1990; Snell and Dean 1992). Employee Rewards Policy amended by the Human Resource Management can be classified under three broad headings: performance-contingent rewards, which explicitly reward through performance outputs; job-contingent rewards, where pay is contingent on job classification; and person-contingent rewards, in which pay is dependent on the competencies a person has (Dean Snell, 1993). Because both output orientation and job à classification may be difficult to measure accurately in high-velocity conditions, the prospect of person-contingent rewards, which may encourage the values of learning, flexibility, and creativity, would seem to be best suited to fast-changing conditions. In addition, Employee Reward Policy can be one of the greatest foundations of control available to a company in its quest to increase organizational performance and effectiveness, yet remain one of the most underutilized and potentially complex tools for driving organizational performance. The importance and complexity of linking reward strategies to business goals in a systematic manner has been a recurrent argument in the study in this field, as has the importance and difficulty of linking rewards to the longer-term view (Hambrick Snow, 1989). In describing the strongest level of linkage the emphasis has been placed on Lawlerââ¬â¢s (1990) description of reward processes which are capable of reinforcing the behaviours crucial to business strategy like long-term versus short-term, customer focus versus financial results. Statement Evaluation People do work for money, but they work even more for meaning in their lives. In fact they work to have fun. This statement can be evaluated using the physiological needs of people. Human beings have needs which can be classified as physiological, safety and security, social, esteem and status, and self-actualization. This means that although employees work because they want to ear incomes, there are still needs that should be fulfilled to ensure their contentment and happiness in what they are doing. à If any of the needs is unmet, or unsatisfied a person, the individual can be motivated if provided with an opportunity to satisfy the unmet need or needs. The most motivating opportunities are the most valued. The most valued opportunities are those designed to provide satisfaction of the most intense unmet needs. What needs are most intense varies from individual to individual. One personââ¬â¢s most dominant need may be the need to be happy (Romzek, 1989). In order to motivate and encourage the workers and employees to render their performances and to help them enjoy more of what they are doing, the employers should are giving recognition to those employees whose works is exemplary or that employee who has contributes to outstanding achievements and accomplishments of the mission and objectives of an organization as a whole.à Rewards and recognition go a long way to keeping employees motivated, satisfied, and committed. Management should recognize employees for both their progress toward and achievement of desired performance goals. It should show appreciation for small accomplishment as well as big ones. The recognition must be ongoing to reinforce employeesââ¬â¢ need to feel that theyââ¬â¢re doing a good job.à Moreover, the best forms of recognition typically have little or no cost (Nelson, 1998). The statement just justifies the saying that people become more devoted to work when they feel that their environment likes them and appreciate the things they are doing. According to Skinner (1953), the reinforcement theory suggests the behaviors of the employees directly impact the outcome of their work or their performance. Thus, an employee with a positive behavior will bring about positive outcomes, whereas those with negative behaviors will lead to negative results. Thus, the positive behaviors of the employees should then be reinforced by their managers so as to generate more positive outcomes. Trends in Reward Practice Being able to recognise the needs for highly motivated individuals, human resource management has been able to develop different ways in rewarding their employees. The trends in reward practice include the broadbanding and performance-related pay and competency based pay or skill-based pay. This paper will focus on the broadbanding and performance-related pay. Broadbanding is a manner of reducing the number of narrow grades in a certain pay structure into a smaller number of broader bands. This reward practice is based on the view that narrow ranges cannot reward employees who have reached their range maximum but who are still performing effective. The main goal of this reward practice is to provide greater flexibility to reward the acquisition of wider skills as well as competencies without need to promote the employees in each case or situation (Payment Practices, 2008). On the other hand, the performance-related pay is a common term for various approaches to warding or rewarding discretionary payments to employees on the basis of their contribution to the company. Among this common approach include the pay awards for successful meeting work objectives or for showing work-related competences or the integration of the two. à it can be said that each of this reward practice can be helpful for motivating and retaining skilful employees (DeWitt Hamel, 2002). For rewards to be valued, the human resource management must see to it that the Employee Reward Policy includes the proper scheduling on when would be the most accurate time to give the rewards. Generally rewards received by an individual soon after accomplishment of a goal, or soon after attainment of a given targeted performance level, are the most valued rewards and the rewards that serve best to install a desire for further achievement or continued good performance, when the reward is tied to performance in time that reward is closely associated with the performance. It becomes an extension of the performance. It has real meaning because one can vividly see that it was received for performance. Laws that Affects Employee Rewards If the employers are thinking of giving employees special rewards as incentives for having good attendance records, there are some legal and laws which prohibits them to do so. à For instance, the royal mail introduced a reward system for staff which did not take time off sick. Under this system, employees with full attendance records will be included into a prize draw to win Ford Focus cars or holiday packages. In the staff incentive, this system can be perceived as a workable reward to let the employees minimize or totally avoid their absences. However, this kind of system has some serious ramifications from certain employment law. This can be attributed to the employment discrimination law (Coopers, 2005). Herein, the management of Royal mail can be given discrimination charges for disability or age. The success of these claims depends on the specific situation of employees and their needs. This discrimination of age or disability may happen if, for instance, an employee had time off associated to the age and disability and this was not taken into consideration by the management under the reward system. Herein, there is an existing law that says that the failure of the management to set-aside such employeeââ¬â¢s absence due to age or disability related reasons can be considered as less favourable treatment.à Hence, this would hinder the company to provide reward for those individual who have no absences for this would not be fair for other employees. In this regard, if the company would like to continue the reward system, they must have some list of exceptions in the reward system. In this regard, it is safer for employees to give bonuses and rewards based on the performance and not by the number of absences. Conclusion Regardless of the targeted employees, the organization today is attempting to become employers of choice.à In order to become one, the management of the organization shall create an Employee reward system where potential job candidates feel that it will be an accomplishment to earn a job with the organization, and that once they have a job, the individualââ¬â¢s performance will be rewarded. Reference Creech, R. (1995). Employee Motivation. Management Quarterly, 36(2), 33+. DeWitt, G. and Hamel, G. (2002). alternative Compensation Plan. Legislative Finance Committee. Online available at http://leg.mt.gov/content/publications/fiscal/interim/financecmty_june2002/broadband_report.pdf Retrieve April 21, 2008. Dean, J.W.; Snell, S.A. (1993). ââ¬Å"ââ¬ËIntegrated Manufacturing and Job Design:The Moderating Effect of Organizational Inertia. Gomez-Mejia, L.R.; Welbourne, T.M. (1990). ââ¬Å"ââ¬ËThe Role of Compensation in The Human Resource Management Strategies of High Technology Firms'â⬠, in M. A. Von Glinow and S. A. Mohrman (eds.), Managing Complexity in High Technology Organizations. New York: Oxford University Press. Hambrick, D.C.; Snow, C.C. (1989). ââ¬Å"ââ¬ËStrategic Reward Systems'â⬠, in C. C. Snow (ed.), Strategy, Organizational Design and Human Resource Management. Greenwich, Connecticut: JAI Press. Lawler, E.E. (1990). Strategic Pay. San Francisco: Jossey Bass. Payment Practices (2008. Online available http://pmf.haven gateway.org/remuneration_and_reward/pay_practices_in_the_uk. retrieve April 21, 2008. Romzek, B.S. (1989). Personal consequences of employee commitment. Academy of Management Journal, 32, 649-661 Nelson, B. (1998). The Care of the Un-Downsized. Public Management, Vol. 80, April 1998. Skinner, B. F. (1953). Science and Human Behavior. New York: Free Press. Snell, S.A. and Dean, J.W. (1992). ââ¬Å"ââ¬ËIntegrated Manufacturing and Human Resource Management: A Human Capital Perspective'â⬠, Academy of à à à Management Journal, 35: 467-504. Coopers, RT (2005). Employment Law: Attendance Rewards ââ¬â Legal Ramifications. Online available http://www.uedawn.com/article.cfm/id/57087. Retrieve April 21, 2008. How to cite Development and Reward System, Papers richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-30462775098876204002020-04-26T19:41:00.001-07:002020-04-26T19:41:02.969-07:00Regulating the Financial System an Example of the Topic Government and Law Essays byRegulating the Financial System Enron was created 1985 as a merger between Huston Natural Gas and InterWorth (BBC News, 2001). It was a company first credited with supposedly trading energy as a commodity like oil and memory chips. In August 14, 2001, Fortune magazine counted Enron as one of the top 10 stocks poised to grow for the next decade. According to BBC News, the company grew from naught to billions of dollars in just 15 years, a fact celebrated with numerous awards and approbation. At the end of 2000, Enrons stock was trading at about $78, but by late November of the following year, the accounting scandal was unfolding and the stock was bid down to a mere $4.01 (Ackman, 2001). Need essay sample on "Regulating the Financial System" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Although many attribute the fall of Enron to have begun with investors pulling out money from company shares, the first suspicion was cast in the summer of 2000. According to Parry (2006), an employee of Southern California Edison wrote a memo to the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission noting that certain energy industry players, including Enron, were manipulating the distribution grid to cut off supply and artificially run energy prices up. California was in turmoil as rolling blackouts plagued the deregulated state. Washington turned a deaf ear and refused to alleviate an ailing market that saw energy prices increase 800 percent. The Bush administration defended its position by stating that price caps do nothing to the present levels of supply and demand, and would simply dampen investor interest. A price cap was eventually implemented but Enron had already managed to accumulate hundreds of millions in excess profit. In that same summer, Enron unveiled a natural gas power plant in Dabhol, India. The power plant, however, presumably with a take or pay agreement with the Indian government, produced and sold electricity at a price many times over the norm. Enron demanded of the Indian government a $250 million payment for the electricity or to purchase Enrons share in the plant amounting to $2.3 billion (Parry, 2006). When the Indian government refused payment, the Bush administration stepped in, pressuring India to make the payment through a series of meetings, negations and, finally, an official warning. In August 15, 2001, Sherron Watkins, an Enron vice president, started reaching for the whistle, as she noted that Raptor, a subsidiary intended to hide losses, owed Enron about $700 million and had could not quite trace out the money (CNN, 2002). She warned other executives and attempted to clarify the accounting anomalies apparently racking the company, but could not secure a proper answer. By December of that year, Wallstreet was caught up bailing out; making the companys stock worth virtually nothing, and forcing Enron to file for bankruptcy. Coincident to the years leading to Enrons Chapter 11, executive compensation was increasing at an exponential rate (Schifferes, 2003). In 1998, the total compensation package for Enrons top 200 executives totaled only $193 million. In 1999 and 2000, the total compensation package made substantial increases to $401 million and $1.4 billion, respectively. According to Schifferes, a large chunk of the compensation package was in the form of stock options, wherein the beneficiary has the right to purchase the companys stock at a fixed price. This provided incentive for the company to boost stock prices. The companys executives methods included artificially jacking energy prices in California and pursuing over priced projects such as the Dabhol power plant, which respectively led to inflated revenue and asset figures. At the same time, subsidiaries such as Raptor were used to hide loss generating activities. The combined effects were inflated earnings reports, and fat payoffs to executive s through exercised stock options. The collapse of Enron brought about $60 billion in losses for the investing public (Thomas, 2002). The company also had more than 20,000 employees that lost their jobs, not to mention numerous pensioners, with substantially all of their working lives already spent, lost their only means of support. With the fall of Enron also came the fall of one of the largest accounting firms in the US Arthur Andersen. The accounting firm served as auditor and consultant for the multi-billion dollar company and is largely held responsible for concealing Enrons nefarious accounting practices. According to Cathy Thomas (2002), about a third of Andersens 2,300 clients quickly fled and turned to other firms for auditing services. The job loss was also apparent in the accounting firm as it sold portions of its business and reduced workforce numbers from 26,000 in the US to a mere 5,000.In the wake of Enrons fall, the US capital markets turned cautious and indecisive. Pellegrini (2002) dubbed it the Enr on Effect. His first case and point came on January 24, 2002 when Alan Greenspan had encouraging words that the worst is over, and strong performances from Nokia and Siebel put several market indexes much higher up during the morning session but cut any gain in half by the afternoon. He further reports that the first trading week of 2002, the Dow plunged some 20 percent as the Justice Department opened criminal investigations for the Enron Scandal. One could argue that the timid stance of the Bush administration in placing a price cap on Californias energy price, and the administrations aggressive stance with respect to the Dabhol project can be viewed as factors enabling Enron to pursue overstated earnings. However, the issue is muddled by viewing the administrations stance as advancing capitalism and advocating nationalistic interests. What is clear is that legislation is needed to bridge the gap between the investing publics information requirements and public companies that they entrust with hard earned money. The government quickly moved to pass the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 as a means of curbing unethical accounting practices. A special feature in this piece of legislation is the inclusion of Section 401. Under this section, corporations subject to the act are required to report off-balance sheet transactions that can materially affect the companys financial condition. These off-balance sheet transactions include guarantee contracts (e.g. take-or-pay), interests in assets transferred to subsidiaries, obligations brought about by derivative instruments such as forward agreements, and any material interest in unconsolidated subsidiaries and special purpose vehicles (SEC, 2003). Aside from additional reportorial requirements for subject companies, the act was also meant to have some teeth. Section 1102 places a stiff penalty for tampering with records or serving as an impediment to investigations. The Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 was further amended thru Section 1106 to have steeper criminal liabilities. Some believe that the Sarbanes-Oxley Act has done its share to curb corrupt accounting practices. There have been major restatements over the years and companies have been more transparent as a result of the Act. However, Siegel, a member of the Center for Financial Research and Analysis, believes that companies are now focusing on non-accounting metrics (Bloomberg, 2005). While earnings can be manipulated, analysts find that cash flows and other non-accounting metrics can be less subject to management control. The trouble is, some companies can throw these non-accounting metrics toward analysts to justify or mask poor results. The question therefore remains as to whether passing the Sarbanes-Oxley Act has been effective as a safeguard for investors as corporate behavior remains the same. References Ackman, D. (2001, November 27). Enron in free fall. Forbes. BBC News (2001, November 28). Rise and fall of an energy giant. BBC News. CNN Student News (2002, February 14). Enrons Watkins warned Lay. CNN. Parry, R. (2006, May 26). Bushs Enron lies. ConsortiumNews.com. Pellegrini, F (2002, January 24). The Enron effect. Time. richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-58266839560588712252020-03-19T01:28:00.001-07:002020-03-19T01:28:03.011-07:00Free Essays on Business ReportDear Sir, Review of current canteen situation and proposal for upgrading. Raffles Polytechnic School of Business houses 668 students and 77 staff. Canteen 1, with a capacity of 200, serves this population. Currently there have been numerous complaints with regards to Canteen 1. Hence the objective of this report is to address the various complaints and hence made the necessary upgrading. A survey had been done and below is the summary of my findings with regards to the issue. 1.) Major complaint: the canteen is unbelievably crowded; I have to spend a long time queuing for my food and then it takes me more time to find seat. How frequently do you have lunch at canteen 1? Fig 1 What time do you normally have lunch? Fig 2 1.1) From the findings more than 50% of students and staffs eat at least 3 times a week. (Refer to fig 1) 1.2) From fig 2, 42% of the students and 70% of staff are using the canteen at 1pm. That would be a rough 340 estimate if we were to take a direct proportional estimate from the sample size, exceeding the capacity of Canteen 1. How would you rate Canteen 1 in terms of seating capacity? Fig 3 1.3) The response of Fig 3 shown that about 68% of the population surveyed feel that canteen 1 seating capacity is poor. 1.4) 98% of the surveyed population feels that there is a need for to extend the canteen. 2.) Major problem: Something must be done about the standard the standard of hygiene in the canteen; itââ¬â¢s not clean. 2.1) I found that currently tables have been cleaned and cleared by team of 5 workers with each worker responsible for a specific section of the canteen. During peak hours, the canteen hosts up to 300 over people (refer to fig 1 and 2), which meant each worker would have to clear the tables for 60 people. How would you rate the hygiene standard in the canteen? Fig 4 2.2) From figure 4, 79% feels that the hygiene of the canteen is on the better side of the scale. ... Free Essays on Business Report Free Essays on Business Report Dear Sir, Review of current canteen situation and proposal for upgrading. Raffles Polytechnic School of Business houses 668 students and 77 staff. Canteen 1, with a capacity of 200, serves this population. Currently there have been numerous complaints with regards to Canteen 1. Hence the objective of this report is to address the various complaints and hence made the necessary upgrading. A survey had been done and below is the summary of my findings with regards to the issue. 1.) Major complaint: the canteen is unbelievably crowded; I have to spend a long time queuing for my food and then it takes me more time to find seat. How frequently do you have lunch at canteen 1? Fig 1 What time do you normally have lunch? Fig 2 1.1) From the findings more than 50% of students and staffs eat at least 3 times a week. (Refer to fig 1) 1.2) From fig 2, 42% of the students and 70% of staff are using the canteen at 1pm. That would be a rough 340 estimate if we were to take a direct proportional estimate from the sample size, exceeding the capacity of Canteen 1. How would you rate Canteen 1 in terms of seating capacity? Fig 3 1.3) The response of Fig 3 shown that about 68% of the population surveyed feel that canteen 1 seating capacity is poor. 1.4) 98% of the surveyed population feels that there is a need for to extend the canteen. 2.) Major problem: Something must be done about the standard the standard of hygiene in the canteen; itââ¬â¢s not clean. 2.1) I found that currently tables have been cleaned and cleared by team of 5 workers with each worker responsible for a specific section of the canteen. During peak hours, the canteen hosts up to 300 over people (refer to fig 1 and 2), which meant each worker would have to clear the tables for 60 people. How would you rate the hygiene standard in the canteen? Fig 4 2.2) From figure 4, 79% feels that the hygiene of the canteen is on the better side of the scale. ... richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-5740210314517504452020-03-02T17:13:00.001-08:002020-03-02T17:13:03.110-08:00Examples of Self-Fulfilling Prophecy in SociologyExamples of Self-Fulfilling Prophecy in Sociology A self-fulfilling prophecy is a sociological term used to describe what happens when a false belief influences peoples behavior in such a way that it ultimately shapes reality. This concept has appeared in many cultures for centuries, but American sociologist Robert K. Merton coined the term and developed it for use in sociology. Today, the idea of a self-fulfilling prophecy is commonly used by sociologists as an analytic lens through which to study student performance, deviant or criminal behavior, and the impact of racial stereotypes on targeted groups. Robert K. Mertons Self-Fulfilling Prophecy In 1948, Merton used the term self-fulfilling prophecy in an article. He framed his discussion of this concept with symbolic interaction theory, which states that, through interaction, people bring about a shared definition of the situation in which they find themselves. He arguedà that self-fulfilling prophecies begin as false definitions of situations, but that behavior based on the ideas attached to this false understanding recreates the situation in such a way that the original false definition becomes true. Mertons description of the self-fulfilling prophecy is rooted in the Thomas theorem, formulated by sociologists W. I. Thomas and D. S. Thomas. This theorem states that if people define situations as real, they are then real in their consequences. Both Mertons definition of self-fulfilling prophecy and the Thomas theorem reflect the fact that beliefs act as social forces. They have, even when false, the power to shape our behavior in very real ways. Symbolic interaction theory explains this by highlighting that people act in situations largely based on how they read those situations, and what they believe the situations mean to them or to the others participating in them. What we believe to be true about a situation then shapes our behavior and how we interact with the others present. In The Oxford Handbook of Analytical Sociology, sociologist Michael Briggs provides an easy three-step way to understand how self-fulfilling prophecies become true. X believes that y is p.X, therefore, does p.Because of 2, y becomes p. Examples of Self-Fulfilling Prophecies in Sociology A number of sociologists have documented the effects of self-fulfilling prophecies in education. This occurs primarily as a result of teacher expectation. The two classic examples are of high and low expectations. When a teacher has high expectations for a student and communicates those expectations to the student through his behavior and words, the student then typically does better in school than they would otherwise. Conversely, when a teacher has low expectations for a student and communicates this to the student, the student will perform more poorly in school than she otherwise would. Taking Mertons view, one can see that, in either case, the teachers expectations for the students are creating a certain definition of the situation that rings true for both the student and the teacher. That definition of the situation then impacts the students behavior, making the teachers expectations real in the behavior of the student. In some cases, a self-fulfilling prophecy is positive, but, in many, the effect is negative. Sociologists have documented that race, gender, and class biases frequently influence the level of expectations that teachers have for students. Teachersà often expect black and Latino students to perform worse than white and Asian students. They may also expect girls to perform worse than boys in certain subjects like science and math, and low-income students to perform worse than middle- and upper-income students. In this way, race, class, and gender biases, which are rooted in stereotypes, can act as self-fulfilling prophecies and actually create poor performance among the groups targeted with low expectations. This ultimately results in these groups performing poorly in school. Similarly, sociologists have documented how labeling kids delinquents or criminals leads to delinquent and criminal behavior. This particular self-fulfilling prophecy has become so common across the U.S. that sociologists have given it a name: the school-to-prison pipeline. It is a phenomenon that is also rooted in racial stereotypes, primarily ones of black and Latino boys, but documentation suggests that it affects black girls as well. Examples of self-fulfilling prophecies show how powerful our beliefs are. Good or bad, these expectations can alter what societies look like. Updated by Nicki Lisa Cole, Ph.D. richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-33574333032993345722020-02-15T08:40:00.001-08:002020-02-15T08:40:02.879-08:00Theory of Constraints Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2Theory of Constraints - Research Paper Example iyahu says that, like a chain at its weakest point in any multifaceted structure at one point, it is only one aspect of the structure that restricts the given system from accomplishing its goal. Moreover, if the system needs to accomplish any noteworthy improvement then the constraint must be acknowledged and put in mind whenever the system is being managed (Dettmer, 1997). According to Ronen, 2005, Theory of Constraints philosophy is built on the premise that any organization faces at least one constraint. A constraint can be regarded as anything that blocks a particular system from attaining its goal. Constraints can show up in many ways, though a core code within the theory is that there is mostly one, which affects the given system. The two types of constraints are internal and external. Internal constraints exist when the produce is less that the market demands. On the other hand, external constraints occur when the market demand is below the systems produce (Bragg, 2007). The Theory of Constraints is made up of split, but related processes, which have dependable concepts. One distinct component is performance measures and five focusing steps. Basically, there are three key performance measurements to estimate, they include operating expense, throughput and inventory whereby the TOC insists on using them since they serve globally as compared to the local measures (Dettmer, 1997). Throughput denotes the speed at, which the system can generate money through sales and not production. In essence, no goods can be said to be assets until they are sold. Inventory is money that has been invested in goods that any firm intends to sell or any material that could be renewed into salable items. Essentially, the concepts of value added and overhead are of less importance in this case. Operating expense consists of all the money firms spend in changing inventory into throughput (Bragg, 2007). The main objective in this particular event is that the firm wants to richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-31236885926858752932020-02-02T06:41:00.001-08:002020-02-02T06:41:02.902-08:00Coaching High School Baseball Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 wordsCoaching High School Baseball - Term Paper Example During tryouts the coach has to decide on the combination of players; how many specialist pitchers he wants, how many players need to be groomed for the future and so on. If there are too many players then playing time would be split among them; if there are too few then thereââ¬â¢s a risk of not having enough players for a game. Players have academics, vacations and other activities that take up their time so it is advisable to pick around fifteen to seventeen players. The number of players that can be picked is also dependent on the school or league rules. While picking the team during tryouts, the coach can make fact-based decisions by using a team selection matrix. The matrix consists of 3 to 5 selection criteria with weights assigned according to their importance. Different selection criteria can be chosen but the three most important are; player skills and positions, attitude and reception to coaching and athleticism and potential. Each playerââ¬â¢s score is then multiplied by the weight for that criterion. The scores after weighting are added together to come up with the final tally used to choose the team. (Krause) After the team has been chosen, the next step is to acquire the equipment and uniforms. The overall look of the team can be helpful in providing confidence to the players. As budgets are usually tight, the cost of the uniforms is an important consideration. It should be remembered that the full cost will be a combination of the initial price and the added expense of uniform repairs and maintenance, thus quality and cost should be compared before making a decision. The athletes are the schoolââ¬â¢s representatives so the uniforms should be in the school colors and have the school logo displayed. The manufacturer should be able to design the uniforms with the athlete in mind. High school teams need uniforms that will support their growing bodies and their athleticism. The main component of a great high school baseball uniform is durability. richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-19397109229618450302020-01-25T03:05:00.001-08:002020-01-25T03:05:02.946-08:00Eulogy for Father :: Eulogies EulogyEulogy for Father I stand before you today to pay my last respects, and to say my final goodbyes, to my father Harry. I have to admit at the outset that it is very difficult to do this. The difficulty is not just due to the obvious causes -- the sadness, the grief, and the sense of loss. Nor is it due to the confrontation with death in its utter finality, and the resulting fear regarding one's own mortality. No, this is difficult for me primarily because of all of the unfinished business that I have with my father. And while a part of me continues to nurture the hope that, had he lived longer, I would have been able to finish my business, I have to acknowledge that this is not true. Because, the fact is, it is very hard for sons to ever attain a really clear perspective on their own fathers. I know this to be true from my 20 years of experience as a psychologist whose central interest has been fatherhood. In the Fatherhood Course that I teach, this issue of son-father business usually comes up in the first class. We might be talking about why the men decided to enroll in the course, and after a few guys give the standard reasons, and others make some quips, the mood palpably shifts to serious as one father speaks, lower lip quivering: "You want to know why I am here? I'll tell you why I am here. I am here so that my little son Timmy will not feel as bad about me when he's grown up as I do about my own dad." The man's words hit the room like a hurricane, and soon the theme of father son business is on every man's lips. The fathers then become sons and talk about the grief, pain and bitterness they feel toward their own fathers. Let's go into the classroom now, so that you can hear these men's voices: "I never know what my father thought. He just would never talk about himself." "I know he loved us because he was a good provider. He worked two jobs in order to put all five of us though parochial school and several of us though college. But I never knew if he liked me." "To this day I wonder what he really thinks of me. Is he proud of me?" "Every time I call home, Dad answers the phone, and it usually goes like this: `Hi. richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-29431268939278210892020-01-16T23:29:00.001-08:002020-01-16T23:29:03.791-08:00Planet of Life: Apes to ManROSE ANN A. ORATE No. 5026 Purok 5, Brgy. Kias Baguio City Contact nos. : 09174233048/ (074) 442-00-03 CAREER OBJECTIVES * To obtain a position as an online ESL teacher and help students learn English in an informative and interesting manner. * To improve a studentââ¬â¢s standards of English so that he/ she will be able to socialize easily in a foreign country. SEMINARS/TRAININGS ATTENDED 2006 Peace Tech conference: Overcoming prejudice towards young Muslims, indigenous peoples and Christians Saint Louis University Bonifacio Street, Baguio CityTraining on Basic Life Support: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Foreign Airway Obstruction Management NC-CLEX. INC (American Safety and Health Institute Accredited) CAP Building, Upper Session Road, Baguio City Training on Advanced Cardiac Life Support NC-CLEX. INC (American Safety and Health Institute Accredited) CAP Building, Upper Session Road, Baguio City Training on Basic Electrocardiography: Introduction to Arrhythmia Recognition NC- CLEX. INC (American Safety and Health Institute Accredited) CAP Building, Upper Session Road, Baguio CitySeminar on the Clinical Updates on: Acute Coronary Syndromes NC-CLEX. INC (American Safety and Health Institute Accredited) CAP Building, Upper Session Road, Baguio City Seminar on the 6th Regional Nursing Research Congress with the theme: ââ¬Å"Exploring Professional Nursing Career: Opportunities and Directionsâ⬠Saint Louis University Bonifacio Street, Baguio City Seminar on the 12th Regional Nursing Research Congress Saint Louis UniversityBonifacio Street, Baguio City Seminar on ââ¬Å"Understanding Specialization in Nursingâ⬠Saint Louis University Bonifacio Street, Baguio CitySeminar on ââ¬Å"Conquering the Master Controller: Neurology Basicsâ⬠Cooledge Review Center Romulo Hall, Teacherââ¬â¢s Camp, Baguio City Seminar on ââ¬Å"The Art of Psychiatry: The Beautiful Mindâ⬠Cooledge Review Center Romulo Hall, Teacherââ¬â¢s Camp, Baguio City SKILLS I nterpersonal Skills: * Personable worker whose strengths include cultural sensitivity and an ability to build rapport with a diverse workforce in multicultural settings. * Empathetic to studentââ¬â¢s situation * Caring to student's needs * A good studentââ¬â¢s advocate * Good interfacing skills * Attentive to details Patient, committed, responsible and dependable Other Relevant Skills: * Ability to work under pressure without affecting performance * Adaptable to any kind of environment * Computer- literate: having a knowledge on variety of applications * Highly motivated self-starter who takes initiative with minimal supervision. * Resourceful team player who excels at building trusting relationships * Productive worker with solid work ethic who exerts optimal effort in successfully completing tasks. * Competent and works efficiently * Honest and dedicated to work PERSONAL DATADate of Birth: April 5, 1991 Place of Birth: Baguio City Civil Status: Single Height: 5ââ¬â¢1â⬠Weight: 45 kg Citizenship: Filipino Religion: Roman Catholic Father: Reenan R. Orate Mother: Rosemarie A. Orate EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND Elementary: Mary Immaculate School Baguio City Inc. and High School Department (MISBCI) General Luna Road, Baguio City Year Graduated: 2004 Achievements: Grade 3: 2nd place-Declamation Contest Honor pupil Grade6: 1st place- Tula Competition held at YMCA 3rd place- Gantimpala ng Sabayang Pag-awit President of the Dramatic Club GSP Troop LeaderHigh School: Saint Louis University Laboratory High School (SLU-LHS) Navy Base Road, Baguio City Year Graduated: 2007 Achievements: 1st year: 2nd place- Declamation Contest 2nd year: 1st honorable mention 3rd year: 5th honorable mention 4th year: Graduated with honors College: Saint Louis University (SLU) Bonifacio Road, Baguio City Course/ Degree: Bachelor of Science in Nursing Year Graduated: 2011 Achievements: Deanââ¬â¢s list from 1st year (1st semester and 2nd semester), 2nd year (1st semester and 2nd s emester) and 3rd year (2nd semester) CHARACTER REFERENCES Mrs. Ria Joy PadillaClinical Instructor Saint Louis University Contact no. : 09287872862 Mr. Mark Kimo Jr. Clinical Instructor Saint Louis University Contact no. : 09275082744 Mr. KB de Ocampo Clinical Instructor Saint Louis University Contact no. : 09228150211 Mr. Red Capuyan Clinical Instructor Saint Louis University Contact no. : 09159153012 I would be willing to work for your institution and I will do my best to support and give my service to people. I shall be available for a personal interview at your most convenient time. I hope for your kind consideration. Thank you. ___________________ ROSE ANN A. ORATE richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-6697817337548480582020-01-08T19:50:00.001-08:002020-01-08T19:50:03.191-08:00How Disney Parks Become The Popular Amusement Park It Is... Romi Winston U.S. History Dr. King Owen 1 10/16/15 The History of Disneyland How did Disney theme parks become the popular amusement park it is today? Walt Disney was born on December 5, 1901 in Chicago, Illinois. He was a hardworking man with a dream to create what would later become to be the greatest empire in the world. Throughout his life he took classes in fine arts while pouring every ounce of creativity he had into his work. He created Mickey Mouse, which led to TV appearances, many awards, and five remarkable theme parks. Growing up, Walt had become very interested in drawing and theater. He moved to many different cities with his family at a young age, and in with each enrollment in the schools he was in, he took extra art courses to further his drawing ability. He had two children when he was older, married and living in LA, and he used to take them to amusement parks. He began dreaming of his own amusement park where families could enjoy the clean, happy, and magical environment. When he was sixteen years old, he tried to enlist in the military. He was rejected because he lied about his age, and instead he joined the Red Cross and he was sent to France to spend a year driving an ambulance. Rather than his ambulance being covered in camouflage, it had his own cartoons drawn onto it. When he returned from France, he wanted to pursue a career in animation. He pursued a career as a newspaper artist, and at his work he met Ub Iwerks. The two became friends andShow MoreRelatedWalt Disney Has Left On Society And How His Legacy Continues1393 Words à |à 6 Pagesabout the impact Walt Disney has left on society and how his legacy continues on. Thesis/Central Idea: To understand the impact Walt Disney has left on society, it is important to learn that his empire all started with a mouse, how his newfound success contributed to his ability to create accomplished film works, and eventually bring his imagination to life through the construction of Disney parks. Organizational Pattern: Topical I. Introduction A. Attention Getter: Walt Disney once said ââ¬Å"all of ourRead MoreWalt Disney Company : The Quest For Competitive Advantage1144 Words à |à 5 Pages The Walt Disney Company, a company that every person from ages four to ninety-four know. Some people believe Disney is just a company that creates new characters and movies for their children to grow up with, however; they are expanded their horizons throughout the years. Today, Walt Disney is diversified in the media and entertainment industry. These include theme parks and resorts, motion picture production, and a various number of television networks. As Walt Disney continued to dominate otherRead MoreThe History of Disneyland1272 Words à |à 5 PagesIn 1955, Disneyland was created by Walt Disney because of his love for cartoons and continued to be built by Roy in 1966 after Walt Disneyââ¬â¢s death. Walt Disney was born December 5, 1901in Chicago, Illinois. He did not have the idea childhood due to his family being financially unstable and his father was not the nicest to him. As a child Waltââ¬â¢s father Elias believed in corporate punishment and beat him regularly. Sinc e the family was poor, they had to move around a lot so they could find jobs. WaltRead MoreEssay on The Life of Walt Disney1667 Words à |à 7 Pagesyoung man started off with one idea that lead to bigger and better ideas as time went on. Walt Disney imagined what people thought to be the impossible and created a Disney empire that was made up of cartoons, movies, amusement parks, and much more entertainment. To think if Walt Disney never shared his visions with the world, there would be no animation, amusement parks, Mickey Mouse, or any classic Disney movies like Snow White, Mary Poppins, or Beauty and the Beast. Also, children wouldnââ¬â¢t have gottenRead More The Creation of Disneyland Essay3610 Words à |à 15 PagesThe Creation of Disneyland Walt Disney: The Early Years Walter Elias Disney was born on December 5, 1901. He was the fourth of five children born to Elias and Flora Disney. Elias was a fairly unsuccessful businessman, who moved the family from city to city in search of financial success. When Walt was four, they moved from their home in Chicago to a farm in Marceline, Missouri. Walts time in Marceline provided him with the vision for Main Street USA (Francavigilia, 1981). His frequent associationsRead MoreWalt Disney : An Extremely Hard Working Entrepreneur1230 Words à |à 5 PagesWalt Disney The name Walt Disney is known world-wide. His films, movies, animations, drawings, amusement parks, TV channel, books, and more are some of the few things that make his name and company still famous and iconic today. He was one of the most famous iconic figures known in the 20th century. This man, Walt Disney, was an extremely hard working entrepreneur. He has changed our society to how it is today. With Walt Disneyââ¬â¢s Optimism and hard work he has influenced our society and everyoneRead MoreWalt Disney : King Of Animation1619 Words à |à 7 PagesWalt Disney: King of Animation ââ¬Å"If you can dream it, you can do itâ⬠and that is exactly what Walt Disney did (beginnings).These words meant that Walt Disney visioned the world in ways many did not. He created and founded many well known landmarks, movies, and animations. Walt Disneyââ¬â¢s creative talents as an artist led him to invent sound animation and later become an entrepreneur of the first wide-scaled theme park. Walt Disney, born in Chicago, Illinois, on December 5, 1901, was the child of EliasRead MoreThe Exceptional Life Of Walt Disney1710 Words à |à 7 PagesElias Disney ââ¬Å"All of our dreams can come true, if we have the courage to pursue themâ⬠- Walt Disney Walter Elias Disney has made one of the greatest impacts in the entertainment industry and popular culture around the world (Walter Elias Disney, 2015). From his most famous creation, Mickey Mouse, to his invention of Disneyland, and to all his achievements made in the movie industry, Walt has changed the world. Few individuals have had the ability to impact the world they way Walt Disney did andRead MoreWalt Disney : An American Entrepreneur, Film Producer, And Animator Changed The World Of Entertainment1825 Words à |à 8 PagesWalt Disney, an American entrepreneur, film producer, and animator changed the world of entertainment. Starting from a sketch of a meek rabbit, Disneyââ¬â¢s career escalated and became a mega empire. Younger generations today will hear Mickey Mouse and the first thing that comes to mind is Disney, but what people donââ¬â¢t know is that Walt Disneyââ¬â¢s simple sketches are what turned Disney into one of the largest entertainment complexes today. Walt Disney was born in Hermosa, Chicago, IL, on December 5Read MoreWalt Disney s Life For His Dreams1396 Words à |à 6 PagesScreen 1). Well we can thank Walt Disney for discovering Disneyland and all the other magical things he created. Walt Disney is the creator of Mickey Mouse and the other famous cartoons produced by Walt Disney Studios. Walt Disney devoted his life to making others smile without giving up after all the setbacks throughout his life and company. Itââ¬â¢s important to know the history of the man and his partners who was all behind the making of the unforgettable Walt Disney Studios, Disneyland and the characters richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-46089764155027425062019-12-31T16:16:00.001-08:002019-12-31T16:16:03.039-08:00Alienation in As I Lay Dying, William Faulkner Essay William Faulkner is an American novelist whose major work is As I Lay Dying. Faulkner gave each of his characters traits that are expressed throughout the story. The reader is introduced to each character through their detailed and descriptive character traits. We are able to delve into the characters mind and see their personal and distinct traits. He did not tell us anything about the characters, but he takes us into the mind of each character to analyze what we see there. Even though these characters lead parallel lives we can see the total alienation and breakdown of the relationships between each other. Darl, Jewel, and Anse possess character traits that contribute to or cause the breakdown of their relationship. Anseâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦He even goes so far as to save money when he puts cement on Cashââ¬â¢s broken leg instead of paying for a doctor to put a cast on it. Also, to avoid being sued by Gillespie for Darl setting fire to his barn he has Darl sent to a mental asylum in Jackson. Furthermore, Faulkner demonstrates Anseââ¬â¢s selfishness with him not realizing that Jewel is the product of Addieââ¬â¢s affair. Anse is so self-absorbed that he has no clue that Addie had an affair or that Jewel is not is son. Anse is so useless and selfish he is almost dismissed as an individual. Anse views the flood and the fire as more crosses to bear before he can get his new teeth. He has no concern or regard with what the journey is doing to his children. His selfishness is also expressed when he says, ââ¬Å" I donââ¬â¢t, wonââ¬â¢t begrudge her.â⬠(Faulkner 56). Anse forgives Addie for all the problems that she caused throughout the journey this moreover demonstrates his selfishness. Anse is constantly indebted to others, but he refuses to recognize his obligation and excuses himself with his comment, ââ¬Å"I aint beholden.â⬠(Faulkner 46). One would think that the death of his wife would bring him closer to his children but it does not. He only has one reason to complete the journey and that is to get his new teeth. Although, Anse is the most selfish he is the only one who succeeds in the novel. ââ¬Å"Among other things we have the problem of how to view Anse and the fact that he is triumphant at the end, the only character who gainedShow MoreRelatedWriting Styles Of Ernest Faulkner And The Sun Also Rises By Earnest Hemingway And As I Lay Dying1528 Words à |à 7 PagesPassudetti English 11 AP Period 5 21 November 2014 Writing Styles of Hemingway and Faulkner The style of an authors writing can often be the key to understanding the emotions and thoughts that they want to convey onto the reader. Sometimes the comparison of various authors can show how different styles of writing bring different events and characters into play. This is particularly true with the authors William Faulkner and Earnest Hemingway. Their writing styles are exponentially different, but bothRead MoreWilliam Faulkner s As I Lay Dying1525 Words à |à 7 PagesIsolation of Characters in As I Lay Dying As I Lay Dying was an extremely successful novel written by an American author named William Faulkner in 1930. Each of the characters in the novel are given traits that are expressed throughout the story to reveal their true identities. Faulkner utilizes first person point of view that shifts from one character to another to allow the reader to enter the mind of each character and experience their inner thoughts. All the characters live very similar livesRead MoreWilliam Faulkner s A Rose For Emily1954 Words à |à 8 Pagesmay enjoy, the writer will use many methods to capture their attention and express ideas. In the short story, ââ¬Å"A Rose for Emily,â⬠William Faulkner uses various strategies to convey themes, ideas, and motifs to the audience. Themes and Motifs Most literature has a theme or several themes. One theme for ââ¬Å"A Rose for Emilyâ⬠is, ââ¬Å"Tradition versus Change.â⬠William Faulkner is conveying a struggle of trying to maintain a sense of tradition in a country that is going through widespread and radical changeRead MoreA Rose For Emily, By William Faulkner Essay2322 Words à |à 10 Pagesby overpowering it with despair and murkiness. A short story, A Rose for Emily, by William Faulkner, was initially published on April 30, 1930. William Cuthbert Faulkner was born in New Albany, Mississippi, on September 25, 1897. As he experienced childhood in New Albany, Mississippi, the Southern culture impacted to him. Through his works such a Sartoris (book, 1931), The Sound and The Fury (1929), As I Lay Dying (ballad, 1930), The Sanctuary (1931), and A Famle (1954), he delineated sequentiallyRead MoreWilliam Faulkners As I Lay Dying2018 Words à |à 9 PagesWilliam Faulknerââ¬â¢s As I Lay Dying presents a broken fam ily whose members are not all sound of mind. They all present different ways in which their sense of self can be viewed as broken. Even though there is no forefront hero depicted within the novel there is definitely evidence that suggests that some of the heroes are capable of heroic characteristics. Though there is rampant selfishness and immorality some redeeming qualities of the Bundren family shine through. The trait that most resemblesRead MoreEssay on Georg Lukacs, quot;the Ideology of Modernismquot;7555 Words à |à 31 Pagesmovement that had superseded realism in the West, modernism (writers like James Joyce, William Faulkner, Robert Musil, and so on). This essay is his attempt to distinguish the two absolutely, in favor of course of realism. Basically, for Lukacs (and for the Soviet Union), modernism is the last desperate cry of a dying economic system, capitalism. As late capitalism crumbles, it generates more and more alienation and meaninglessness in its citizens, and modernism is the attempt to reflect that collapseRead MoreEssay Prompts4057 Words à |à 17 Pagesilluminate the meaning of the work as whole. Avoid mere plot summary. You may select a work from the list below or choose another novel or play of comparable literary merit. All the Kingââ¬â¢s Men King Lear Anna Karenina Madame Bovary As I Lay Dying The Mill on the Floss The Awakening Moby-Dick Billy Budd Mrs. Dalloway Bleak House Native Son Bless Me,Ultima One Hundred Years of Solitude Catch-22 Othello Crime and Punishment The Scarlet Letter The CrucibleRead MoreBrief Survey of American Literature3339 Words à |à 14 PagesSettlersââ¬â¢ Writings Highly religious and pragmatic - John Smith, founder of Jamestown, Virginia; Pocahontas - John Winthrop, ââ¬Å"A Model of Christian Charityâ⬠: ââ¬Å"â⬠¦ We shall be as a city upon a hill. The eyes of all people are upon usâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ - William Bradford, Of Plymouth Plantation (1630-50, pub. 1856) - Anne Bradstreet (1612-1672), The Tenth Muse (1650), the first volume of poems published by a resident of the New World - Edward Taylor (1642- 1729), Preparatory Meditations (1682-1725Read MoreModernist Elements in the Hollow Men7051 Words à |à 29 Pageshimselfâ⬠. Although his poetry was subject to important transformations over the course of his career, all of it is characterized by many unifying aspects typical of modernism. It employs characters who fit the modern man as described by Fitzgerald, Faulkner and others of the poetââ¬â¢s contemporaries. It is marked by its tendency to bring together the intellectual, the aesthetic and the emotional in a way that both condemns the past and honors it. The poet expressed modernism as a new system of thoughtRead MoreKhasak14018 Words à |à 57 Pagesshort stories, six collections of political essays and a volume of satire. He has also translated his own works into English. He was a true visionary and Indiaââ¬â¢s foremost fabulist in the recent past. His writing is as evocative as that of William Cuthbert Faulkner and Gabriel Garcia Marque z. Speaking of his enormous range one can notice his transition from the angry young man to the mature transcendentalist in his novels. His economy of words, intensive brooding, and blooming imagination made his characters richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-52071411266223335972019-12-23T12:03:00.001-08:002019-12-23T12:03:03.788-08:00What Is the Need for an External Audit - 1629 Words The need for an external audit in the case of companies arises primarily from the existence of split-up of ownership from control. When control is shared an audit report will be needed in order to ensure that all the partners or be it shareholders are on the same page as the managers (the ones who will be controlling the company) and know what has been happening in the company, what is happening at present and what can be expected to happen in the future in order to increase returns in the company. The case of an owner controlled company is different as usually the manager will be working in the company and will be aware of everything that will be taking place and will not need an audit report to find out what is going on. Since theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Where the financial year started after April 2008 the parameters increased to, annual turnover less than 6.5 million pounds, balance sheet total less than 3.26 million pounds and average number of employees less than 50.When an owner controlled company satisfies the audit exemption parameters it can maintain that audit exemption for a full financial year afterwards even if the parameters were exceed in that following financial year. There are benefits in submitting abbreviated accounts as simpler and easier accounting records can be maintained reducing time spent on accountancy work. In addition although potential suppliers and financial institutions may require details of the year end financial accounts it is acceptable not to publish full details. In China, Owner controlled companies have an exemption from the audit and this gives management for smaller companies some newfound flexibility, Alyssa Martin says. Companies may not have to produce as much documentation or perform as much testing to produce managementââ¬â¢s assertion as they might have had to produce for the sake of the audit, she says.ââ¬Å"They can use other measures, like ongoing monitors or their own personal experience, to assess i nternal controls when they donââ¬â¢t have to have the external auditor auditing their process or leveraging their process in performing the audit of internal control,â⬠notes Weaverââ¬â¢s Martin. Yong Xu, CFO for Jingwei International,Show MoreRelatedIndependence of External Auditor1203 Words à |à 5 PagesIndependence of external auditor By:- shubham kanchhal Auditor independenceà refers to the independenceà of the auditorà from parties that may have a financial interest in business being audited. Independence requires integrityà and an objective approachà for the audit process. This concept requires the auditorà to carry his work freely and in an objective manner. The purpose of an audit to enhance the credibilityRead MoreThe Impact Of External Auditors On The Financial Position Of The Company1422 Words à |à 6 Pages INTRODUCTION External auditors are accountants who work independently of a particular company employed by a firm to inspect their financial statements by analysing the performance of the company and presenting an auditââ¬â¢s report. They plays an important role to enhance the userââ¬â¢s confidence, including shareholder and creditor with an expert, independent opinion whether the annual records of the company are prepared according to accounting standards of the entity, such as Generally AcceptedRead MoreEthics And The International Professional Practices Framework1501 Words à |à 7 Pagesimportance in the work force and what attracts me to the job and why I am interested in PwC and what I hope to gain from the scheme. What is Audit/Auditor? The Business Dictionary defines audit as ââ¬Å"A systematic examination and verification of a firmââ¬â¢s books of account, transaction records, other relevant documents, and physical inspection of inventory by qualified accountantsâ⬠. Auditors can be split into two different divisions, internal auditors and external auditors. They are to follow theRead MoreThe Independence Of Internal Audit1489 Words à |à 6 Pagesa very important element in auditing. Because of the Enron Corporation and other scandals, independence of auditors becomes a vital issue in the audit industry. It is difficult to achieve ââ¬Ëindependentââ¬â¢ for auditors as there is the fact that the client pays the audit fee. In this essay, we will focus on the independence of internal audit. Internal audit plays an important role in a company. According to the IIA (1999), ââ¬Å"Internal auditing is an independent, objective assurance and consulting activityRead MoreWhy Accounting Is Basically A Language And Information About The Financial Position Of An Organization1721 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe best decisions for a company they need to have specific information prepared. They use this information for three main management functions: planning, implementation and control. Financial information is used to set budgets, analyze different options on a cost basis, and modify plans as the need arises, and control and monitor the work that is being done. As you can see, accounting is a multifaceted system involving different people with different needs and after analyzing the various uses andRead MoreTHE NEED FOR AN INTERNAL AUDITOR REPORT TO EXTERNAL STAKEHOLDERS TO IMPROVE GOVERNANCE TRANSPARENCY956 Words à |à 4 Pagesï » ¿ Quistions on Academic Research Case The need for an Internal Auditor Report to External Stakeholders to Improve Governance Transparency Naimah AlBaharnah Prof. Liotta, Joseph P AC629, Contemporary Issues In Auditing June 19, 2014 What is the issue being addressed in the paper? â⬠¨ Sarbanes Oxley mandates requires all public companies to establish internal controls and procedures for financial reporting. In addition they must document, test and maintain those controls and procedures to ensureRead MoreBig Dat Bringing Big Changes From Accounting By Robert J. Sym1610 Words à |à 7 PagesBringing Big Changes to Accounting by Robert J. Capriotti ââ¬â Source 1 Summary: This article is generally about how data analytics and the increasing amount of data that is starting to be compiled in the business world will shape how internal and external audits will be completed and evaluated. Essentially, the article starts talking about how there is so much data in the world and that it comes from many different sources including the web, books, or other reference materials. The article also mentionsRead MoreAudit Committees Post Sarbanes - Oxley 1692 Words à |à 7 PagesAudit Committees Post Sarbanes - Oxley The importance of audit committees increased through the years and especially from pre-Sarbanes ââ¬â Oxley to post-Sarbanes ââ¬â Oxley. Although, what are the responsibilities of the audit committee members? How does a Chief Audit Executive (CAE) more effectively serve their audit committee members? How do auditors communicate with audit committees? What are the requirements for audit committees? Most of these questions are inherited from what the auditRead MoreWhy Is It Important for External Auditors to Be Independent? Relate Your Answer to the Primary Role of External Auditors. Give Examples of Specific Ways the Lack of Auditor Independence May Impact Adversely on an Audit.1648 Words à |à 7 Pages33237972 Word count: 1304 words AcF 100 Introduction to Accounting and Finance Lent Term: Individual Coursework Essay Topic: Why is it important for external auditors to be independent? Relate your answer to the primary role of external auditors. Give examples of specific ways the lack of auditor independence may impact adversely on an audit. In 2001, there was an event that had shaken the whole business world. The crash of Enron in US, followed by worldwide collapse of its auditorRead MoreDow Chemicals : Transfer Of Financial Assets1742 Words à |à 7 Pagespreparing to accept a new audit engagement, auditor first tries to learn about the perspective client by investigating them in order to learn and somewhat understand the client s business operations and the nature of the company in order to decide whether to accept the engagement. (AS No.12 par.7) Once the auditors have accepted the audit engagement, they move on to make sure that they are independent and that they follow the ethics requirements, once that is done they start audit planning, which involves richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-48312383061295472242019-12-15T08:33:00.001-08:002019-12-15T08:33:02.639-08:00Analyses on Different Recruitment and Selection Approaches Free Essays string(194) " applicant is not as high as those selected through applicantsââ¬â¢ pool, increasing the possibility that the ability of applicant is exaggerated by referrer as a result of personal relationship\." Analyses on different recruitment and selection approaches and case study Abstract This report introduces several methods recruitment and selection approaches in HRM and discussed their advantages and disadvantages, as well as cultural differences. While external recruitment is applied widely, internal recruitment is better used in large scaled companies. Personal reference can be applied in emergency situation regardless of its drawbacks. We will write a custom essay sample on Analyses on Different Recruitment and Selection Approaches or any similar topic only for you Order Now 1. 0. Introduction The importance of recruitment and selection cannot be overstated. The recruitment and selection policies and practices can be perceived as integral. Recruitment and selection not only seek to attract and select applicants for a certain position to achieve the certain objective or strategic goals, but may also have significant influence on the whole composition of the workforce (Beer et al. 1984). There is no perfect recruitment and selection method for every situation. In this report, approaches of recruitment and selection are introduced and discussed. Recruitment in HRM is defined as ââ¬Å"the different activities of attracting applicants to an organization, and the selection of people to fill vacancies. â⬠(Bloisi, 2007: p. 07) and selection is defined as ââ¬Å"the process ââ¬Ëby which managers and others use specific instruments to choose from a pool of applicantsââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ (Bratton and Gold, 2003: p. 221). 2. 0. Analyses on different recruitment and selection approaches In this section, approaches of recruitment and selection are both discussed. Section 2. 1 mainly highlights internal recruitment approaches an d cultural differences through the process. Section 2. 2 focuses on some traditional selection approaches and personal reference, illustrating their application, pros and cons. 2. 1. Recruitment approaches Recruitment in HRM includes two important parts: job analysis and person specification. The ultimate target is to combine these two parts, thus selecting the right person for the right position. To accomplish this goal, two basic methods are introduced: internal recruitment and external recruitment. They both have their own pros and cons, and should be carefully applied to different situation. To better analyse the problem, this section only focuses on the methods of internal recruitment approaches. In addition, since the cultural influences on recruitment should never be underestimated especially, arguments are also made in this section. Looking for the right person for a vacancy within company can not only reduce advertisement fees on media, but also provide a good way for current staff to further considering about and acting on their careers in the company, improving their passion for career. The relationship between internal and external recruitment can be viewed in two perspectives: substitute and complementary (Matias-Reche et al. 2006). Todayââ¬â¢s large number of staff that are considered as good candidates in internal promotion and reassignment are contingent workers who are initially hired for multiple results. According to studies and research, relationship between the proportion of contingent workers and the level of internalisation of employment practices within company is complementary and positive (Abraham 1990; Gramm and Schnell 2001; Ko, 2003). For these contingent workers, they already had some basic knowledge both for their current job and the company, thus making the further investment and especially trainings fewer, compared with those on a new employee. This advantage is more evident in large scaled companies, since there would be much more rules and standards for operation to learn in big companies (Matias-Reche et al. 006). However, for small companies, the save on further training may not seem evident and the promotion of these contingent workers has possibility of triggering dissatisfaction among current workers, who have managed to enter the company through formal recruitment process. It also reduces the possibility of outside recruitment, narrowing down the range of choice of HRM. For large scale companies especially international conglomerates, cultural difference should also be taken into accounts in recruiting. Realistic job preview, which has been regarded as one of classical techniques used in recruitment in Western, turned out to be a moderately important one in Taiwan (Hsu and Leat 2000). This fact may result from that in late 1990s, realistic job preview was still new for Taiwanese, and companies were not willing to expose too much and too explicitly about themselves especially those negative information. 2. 2. Selection approaches Traditional selection process include application forms, shortlist, interviewing and etc. These fundamental methods can help HR managers get to know the applicant in a short time. As information is clear, there is no need to consider cultural differences in these processes. However, to cater HR managersââ¬â¢ expectancy, the content in application form or the answers in interview can be exaggerated by applicants, which can hardly be distinguished immediately. A survey in 1985 showed that over 85% applicants in the USA have ever tried to ââ¬Å"polishâ⬠at least one critical item on their CVs (Li 2006). In this way, background investigation can be used to diminish such situation. However, as background investigation can cost a lot manpower and material resources, itââ¬â¢s only preferred in final selection (Li 2006). Interview is one of the most frequent selections in practice. Through observation and communication, HR managers can evaluate the applicant both rationally and emotionally. While questions about applicants can be answered immediately, applicants can get to know the company by asking back, which provide a multi-way communication. However, a well-structured interview requires well preparation and due to limited interviewees at one time, the whole interview can last for a long time. Also, biased opinions may be made by interviewers who are inclined to be attracted by certain personal traits, which donââ¬â¢t have much relation to the job requirement. Personal reference is also an efficient way especially when the vacancy is an emergency. The applicant recommended by current staff is usually more acknowledged with the whole situation, job description and proper expectation to the company than an applicant who just ââ¬Å"hears ofâ⬠the company, which can decrease the length of adaptive phase, being more suitable for emergency. Also, being responsible for the company, the referrer is always cautious and considerate when s/he recommends. However, it also has disadvantages. The authenticity of applicant is not as high as those selected through applicantsââ¬â¢ pool, increasing the possibility that the ability of applicant is exaggerated by referrer as a result of personal relationship. You read "Analyses on Different Recruitment and Selection Approaches" in category "Essay examples" Furthermore, the position of referrer is also play an important part in the selection, and even in future work, especially when the referrer is in comparatively high position. Problems can appear as the manager of the applicant (future subordinate) has o consider more on punishment or critique for the referrerââ¬â¢s sake. Last, not all positions are suitable to this method. When it comes to managerial and professional recruitment, companies usually prefer to use external recruitment such as advertisement in the media and dire ct applications more frequently (Hsu and Leat 2000) since the skills and professions can easily be distinguished in those selection process. Culture differences still exist in selection especially in Eastern cultures, where guanxi (a personalized networks of influence) relationship can influence the choice especially for entry-level positions (Fan, 2002). . 0. Reward strategies on real-life job advert 3. 1. Case description In the case, the company is looking for an ideal junior executiv. S/he has to work 37. 5 per week, in which 4 days in PR and 1 day Marketing, which means that s/he has to be both capable of these two fields. His/her job is to support the Head of PR to increase public awareness and understanding of the organisation as well as assist the Marketing Manager in developing marketing materials and literature . The salary is ? 18,000 per year and base in London. No specific potential career development is mentioned. . 2. Reward strategies For new comers, the most importa nt reward may not have to be material one since most of them are young. Good opportunity and promising future both in promotion in the company and in this working field seem more attractive. Thus, professional work trainings and expected promotion are good rewards. Besides, since this job first requires the staff to do both works in PR and Marketing, the company can offer the free choice of either of these two fields to the staff as a reward after working for a certain period of time. This would not only be beneficial to the staff, but also better for the company to develop talent. Also, emergencies and accidents often happen in PR field especially in important events. Rewards can be offered to the staff when the accidents are solved perfectly and more importantly, if s/he finds a perfect way to prevent the accidents from happening again. This evaluation of performance is also in accordance to LeBoeuf (1984)ââ¬â¢s ten ways to motivate staffs. The company wish the staff to be able to work during evenings and weekends when it is necessary. As a reward, extra vacations and bonus can be offered according to staffââ¬â¢s performance and the scale of the project. Also, as the staff is supposed to be working overtime, a supplement life insurance and annual physical exam can be provided, as research shows that they are also top choices in rewards and perks (www. hrmguide. com). 4. 0. Conclusion The methods for recruitment and selection should be considered in different situations. Specifically, cultural differences should be taken into consideration. For entry-level jobs, the material reward is not most important. Leaving more space for the staff to grow and showing respect to his/her choice is also a way of reward. References Abraham, K. G. 1990. , Restructuring the employment relationship: the growth of market-mediated work arrangements, in Abraham, K. G. and McKersie, R. B. (Eds), New Developments in the Labour Market: Toward a New Institutional Paradigm , MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, p 85-120. Beer, M. et al. , 1984. Managing Human Assets, New York: Free Press. Fan, Y. 2002. Guanxiââ¬â¢s consequences: Personal gains at social cost. Journal of Business Ethics, 38 ,p. 371ââ¬â380 Gramm, C. L. and Schnell, J. F. 2001, The use of flexible staffing arrangements in core production jobs, Industrial and Labour Relations Review 4 (2), p 245-258. Hsu Leat, M. 2000. A Study of HRM and Recruitment and Selection Policies and Practices in Taiwan. Int. J. of Human Resource Management 11(2) p. 413-435 Ko, J. R. (2003, Contingent and internal employment systems: substitutes or complements?. Journal of Labour Research, 24 (3), p 473-490. Li, D. , 2006. The Recruitment and Selection Methods in HR. Science and Technology Literature Press LeBoeuf, M. , 1984. How to Motivate People. Sidgwick Jackson Ltd Matias-Reche, F. , MarFuentes-Fuentes, M. , 2002. The Internal Labour Market and The Employment of Temporary Help Workers in Spain. Personnel Review, 35 (4) p. 378 ââ¬â 396 Appendix (including job advert) The Sick Childrenââ¬â¢s Trust ââ¬â PR ; Marketing Junior Executive http://www. graduate-jobs. com/job/the_sick_childrens_trust_pr_and_marketing_ju nior_executive_50615 Salary: ?18,000 Location: London Date posted: 2 November 2012 Job start date: 7-Jan-2013 ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â- Application close date: ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â- 17-Nov-2012 The Sick Childrenââ¬â¢s Trust ââ¬â PR Marketing Junior Executive (Four days PR and one day marketing) Hours:à 37. 5 per week/FT (Four days PR and one day marketing) Reports to:à Head of PR Job purpose â⬠¢ To support the Head of PR in the development and implementation of a successful media relations programme to increase public awareness and understanding of the organisation â⬠¢ To assist the Marketing Manager in developing marketing materials and literature Responsibilities â⬠¢ â⬠¢ Assist Head of PR in securing maximum publicity of community events, SCT events, corporate support â⬠¢ Ensure that high quality news releases and statements on the organisationââ¬â¢s activities are researched, produced and disseminated to appropriate media contacts to generate maximum coverageà â⬠¢ Develop and maintain relationships with targeted media contacts â⬠¢ Assist the Head of PR on publicity of national campaigns and fundraising appeals when necessary â⬠¢ Assist on the night of events by assisting Head of PR in o-ordinating press activity and ensure photo-calls are organised where appropriate â⬠¢ When needed assist the Head of PR in rolling out the social media campaign and updating SCT website â⬠¢ Assist Head of PR in celebrity liaison role. â⬠¢ Assist the Marketing Manager on the design and production of marketing materials and literature such as the Direct Mail, Annual Report, Newsletter and charity promoti onal literature and merchandise. General â⬠¢ Represent the organisation at agreed events organised by the organisation and others e. g. aunches on behalf of the organisation â⬠¢ Build an understanding, as far as possible, of the work, requirements and priorities of the other department teams Administration â⬠¢ Take responsibility for own administration, including filing and handling a range of telephone enquiries â⬠¢ Ensure that The SCTââ¬â¢s internal database is kept up to date and add media and celebrity contacts according to the database policy â⬠¢ Ensure media/photo consent forms are completed and filed Duties may vary from time to time with development of the post. The post holder will be required to carry out such duties as receiving general telephone enquiries and dealing with general office administration as befits a small office environment. Experience â⬠¢ Degree educated, preferably in relevant subject such as English, Media or Communication Studies (E) â⬠¢ Experience of managing own workload effectively, planning and organising a number of projects at one time to set timescales (E) â⬠¢ Experience of working effectively without close supervision, dealing with problems as they arise (E) â⬠¢ Experience of working in the voluntary sector (D) Abilities ; Skills â⬠¢ Able to produce correspondence and written work using good compositional skills and to produce accurate work to a high standard at all times (E) â⬠¢ Good oral communication skills (E) â⬠¢ Able to prioritise workload and manage own time effectively to meet deadlines (E) â⬠¢ Can communicate clearly and assertively with a wide range of people at all levels (E) â⬠¢ Ability to generate and identify hard news angles and react where possible (D) â⬠¢ Ability to think creatively (D) Ability to develop and maintain sensitivity, respect and understanding of people linked with the organisation (E) â⬠¢ Uses initiative to perform tasks well and demonstrate pro-active thinking(E) â⬠¢ Work as part of a Team (E) Knowledge â⬠¢ Kowledge of Microsoft Office software in particular, Word, PowerPoint, Excel and Outlook, In-design, PR Max and Photoshop (E) â⬠¢ Good working knowledge of how the media works, including social media (E) â⬠¢ Good working knowledge of marketing (E) Education/Training â⬠¢ Educated to A Level standard at least including English (E) â⬠¢ A journalistic qualification would be an advantage (D) Other Requirements â⬠¢ Able to work evenings and weekends when necessary (D) â⬠¢ Commitment to work within the principles of the equal opportunities policy (E) â⬠¢ Results orientate approach to working (E) â⬠¢ Represent The SCT according to the values of the organisation (E) How to cite Analyses on Different Recruitment and Selection Approaches, Essay examples richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-7051619835462450622019-12-07T05:16:00.001-08:002019-12-07T05:16:03.228-08:00Tour Guiding Skills free essay sample The qualities of good voice volume include not only the ability to be loud but also to control volume and to produce volume without straining the vocal cords. Learning to project is based the on the most basic elements of peaking namely, relaxing, proper breathing, and using the muscles of the abdomen and the diaphragm. The ideal solution to projecting to a larger audience is the use of a microphone. Taking Care of the Voice livelihood (singers, speakers, and guides) Common irritants to the voice: (Dry.Lillian Glass, a popular voice coach) smoking excessive use of alcohol and other drugs, sleeping with the mouth open, Talking loudly or too much shouting or screaming Tips to care for the voice: breathe properly Get plenty of rest Drink plenty of water Avoid dairy products Gargle frequently with warm water Avoid caffeinated and carbonated drinks schedule engagements in such a way that they can rest their voices regularly (not applicable to tour guides because they earn money only during the tourist season and only when they are talking + guides schedule is usually booked 6 months in advance and finding replacements on a short notice is extremely difficult. We will write a custom essay sample on Tour Guiding Skills or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Characteristics of Vocal Style/ Vocal Variety Successful speakers have the ability to change qualities of the voice and speaking style. Enthusiasm is the most basic source of vocal variety.An individual who is not extremely interested in his subject will often revert to a dull, monotonous speech. To develop voice variety, a speaker should listen to recordings of his voice and be aware of pitch, volume, intonation and other vocal aspects. Intonation Melody of the speech Personal quality that often reveals a speakers geographic background, personality, and enthusiasm Ideal intonation is natural, not singsong or conventional ( Majority of the tour guides have a conventional intonation which is the result of the rote memorization or repetition. Many tourists find it distracting and annoying) Articulation The process of producing clear and distinct soundsTalking very loud causes a very irritating sound Lavaliere microphones are becoming a trend nowadays to most tour guides. These are microphones hook around the speakers neck, or are attached to a blouse or shirt, allowing the guide some mobility Listening Includes careful attention to the questions, attention span, posture, eye movements and gestures of the group Guides who attentively listen to travelers and learn to change their approaches in response to them are not only more successful guides but are inclined to learn more in the process Ending Many guides find it di fficult when or how to end since they are more inclined toward ending Thank you for coming to you well. . I enjoyed traveling with you and I wish richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-73249811140143517732019-11-29T16:57:00.001-08:002019-11-29T16:57:05.448-08:00Abraham Lincoln and the Constitution essaysAbraham Lincoln and the Constitution essays The Civil War is sometimes referred to as the Second American Revolution. This is a suitable description because of the tremendous impact it had on our economic, political, and social development. President Abraham Lincoln succeeded in keeping the United States intact during this transition where many men would have failed. The origins of this disruptive war can be found in the framing of the Constitution and the century old debate between Federalists and Anti-Federalists over the issue of states' rights. The Founding Fathers of our society were, almost to the man, thoughtful, ambitious, well-educated and discursive people. To the Fathers it was clear, that government should be limited not only in the number of powers it exercised, but in the extent of territory it ruled. The small and local were preferable to the vast and national. If one state or local government should exceed its proper powers, citizens should be able to escape it without leaving the continent. In the 1798 Kentucky Resolutions, Thomas Jefferson said that thefederal government must never be allowed to become the final arbiter of the extent of its own powers.? He felt giving all the power back to the nation would inevitably bring the United States back to square one; that is what the Americans had been fighting against in the Revolutionary War. Federalism as a philosophical concept is appealing in its natural sense of fairness and support between the states and a unifying, supervising government. However, it is not realistic when applied in the governing of a nation because of the fact that one of the elements, either the states or the central government, must assume the dominant role. There is a necessary triumph of the states or the national government. This struggle for the upper hand in government is what brought about the Civil War. The conflict was inevitable because of the Constitution, itself, and its confusing wording pertaining to the balance of pow... richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-11829218578288356782019-11-25T18:42:00.001-08:002019-11-25T18:42:05.909-08:00Legislative Brief Essays - Prevention Of Corruption Act, BriberyLegislative Brief Essays - Prevention Of Corruption Act, Bribery Legislative Brief The Prevention of Corruption (Amendment) Bill, 2013 The Prevention of Corruption (Amendment) Bill, 2013 was introduced in the Rajya Sabha on August 19, 2013. It was referred to the Standing Committee on Personnel, Public Grievances, Law and Justice on August 23, 2013. The Committee submitted its Report on February 6, 2014. Recent Briefs: The Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Bill, 2013 June 10, 2014 The Civil Aviation Authority of India Bill, 2013 March 29, 2014 Prianka Rao [emailprotected] July 23, 2014 Highlights of the Bill The Prevention of Corruption (Amendment) Bill, 2013 amends the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. The Act covers the offence of giving a bribe to a public servant under abetment. The Bill makes specific provisions related to giving a bribe to a public servant, and giving a bribe by a commercial organisation. The Bill redefines criminal misconduct to only cover misappropriation of property and possession of disproportionate assets. The Bill modifies the definitions and penalties for offences related to taking a bribe, being a habitual offender and abetting an offence. Powers and procedures for the attachment and forfeiture of property of public servants accused of corruption have been introduced in the Bill. The Act requires prior sanction to prosecute serving public officials. The Bill extends this protection to former officials. Key Issues and Analysis The Bill makes giving a bribe a specific offence. There are diverging views on whether bribe giving under all circumstances must be penalised. Some have argued that a coerced bribe giver must be distinguished from a collusive bribe giver. The Bill has deleted the provision that protects a bribe giver from prosecution, for any statement made by him during a corruption trial. This may deter bribe givers from appearing as witnesses in court. The Bill has replaced the definition of criminal misconduct. It now requires that the intention to acquire assets disproportionate to income also be proved, in addition to possession of such assets. Thus, the threshold to establish the offence of possession of disproportionate assets has been increased by the Bill. By redefining the offence of criminal misconduct, the Bill does not cover circumstances where the public official: (i) uses illegal means, (ii) abuses his position, or (iii) disregards public interest and obtains a valuable thing or reward for himself or another person. Under the Act, the guilt of the person is presumed for the offences of taking a bribe, being a habitual offender or abetting an offence. The Bill amends this provision to only cover the offence of taking a bribe. PRS Legislative Research Institute for Policy Research Studies 3rd Floor, Gandharva Mahavidyalaya 212, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Marg New Delhi 110002 Tel: (011) 43434035-36, 23234801-02 www.prsindia.org The Prevention of Corruption (Amendment) Bill, 2013PRS Legislative Research PART A: HIGHLIGHTS OF THE BILL1 Context Currently, offences related to corrupt practices of public officials are regulated by the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. The Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 covers taking a bribe, criminal misconduct and mandates prior government sanction to prosecute a public official. In 2008, an amendment Bill was introduced which included provisions related to extending prior sanction for prosecution to former public officials, and the attachment of property of corrupt public officials. However, that Bill lapsed.2 In 1999, the Law Commission of India recommended that a separate Bill related to forfeiture of property of corrupt public officials be introduced.3 In 2007, the report of the Second Administrative Reforms Commission recommended that the Act be amended to include bribe giving as an offence, limit prior sanction for prosecution to certain cases, and provide for the attachment of property of public officials accused of corruption.4 In 2011, India ratified the United Nations Convention against Corruption, and agreed to bring its domestic laws in line with the Convention. The UN Convention covers giving and taking a bribe, illicit enrichment and possession of disproportionate assets by a public servant as offences, addresses bribery of foreign public officials, and bribery in the private sector.5 The Prevention of Corruption (Amendment) Bill, 2013 was introduced in Parliament in August 2013. The Bill amends the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. The Bill provides for the offence of giving a bribe by individuals and organisations, extends the requirement of prior sanction for prosecution to former public officials and covers attachment and forfeiture of property. richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-68545202866499008482019-11-22T02:06:00.001-08:002019-11-22T02:06:03.961-08:00Internal Revenue Service Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsInternal Revenue Service - Essay Example Special rules apply for traders in securities who are in the business of buying and selling securities for their own account tax (Internal Revenue Service, n.d. b). According to the Internal Revenue Service (n.d. b), to be engaged in business as a trader in securities, all of the following conditions must be met: The objective of profiting from daily market movements in the prices of securities and not from dividends, interest, or capital appreciation. The activity must be substantial, and Continuity and regularity of trading activity. Furthermore, according to the Internal Revenue Service (n.d. b), the following facts and circumstances should be considered in determining if the activity is a securities trading business. Typical holding periods for securities bought and sold. The frequency and dollar amount of trades during the year. The extent to which the activity contributes to the generation of income for a livelihood, and The amount of time devoted to the activity. Further, a taxpayer may be a trader in some securities and hold other securities for investment. The special rules for traders do not apply to the securities held for investment. A trader must keep detailed records to distinguish the securities held for investment from the securities in the trading business. The securities held for investment must be identified as such in the trader's records on the day he or she acquires them (Internal Revenue Service, n.d. b). Both the limitations on capital losses and the wash sale rules continue to apply. However, if the mark-to-market election was timely made, then the gains and losses from sales of securities are treated as ordinary gains and losses. Further, neither the limitations on capital losses nor the wash sale rules apply to traders using the mark-to-market method of accounting (Internal Revenue Service, n.d. b). richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-52616157075169885952019-11-20T19:21:00.001-08:002019-11-20T19:21:02.783-08:00Symbolism and Metaphor in Poetry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 wordsSymbolism and Metaphor in Poetry - Essay Example ââ¬Å"Black graniteâ⬠symbolizes the hard and unbreakable nature of the poet. In the second stanza of the poem Facing It by Yusef K. (1988), ââ¬Å"My clouded reflection eyes me like a bird of preyâ⬠is symbolism in simile form. Here the poet symbolizes how bad and shameful he feels when he recalls the past suffering days that are not worth remembering. ââ¬Å"Lightâ⬠has been used to express hope for a good future. The poet also says ââ¬Å"The profile of night slanted against morningâ⬠. Night here symbolizes the bad past which highly depends on a brighter future which is symbolized by morning. ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢m a windowâ⬠is another instance of metaphor in the poem Facing It by Yusef K. (1988). Window is used to show that by looking at the poet, people remember the past. ââ¬Å"Smokeâ⬠has also been used in the fourth stanza to imply faded and unclear letters. This shows that he is desperate in his options.ââ¬Å"Red birdââ¬â¢swingsâ⬠is used in the fifth stanza to symbolize a plane. ââ¬Å"Black mirrorâ⬠has also been used in the sixth stanza of the poem as a symbol of a reflection of the hard times in the past. From the use of symbolism and metaphor in the poem Facing It by Yusef K. (1988), different themes are clearly brought out. The theme of hope and expectation is brought out when the poet says he is ââ¬Å"depending on the light to make a differenceâ⬠. He hopes morning will come and he will make changes where he can. The theme of racism is also evident. ââ¬Å"A white vetââ¬â¢s image floatsâ⬠is used to symbolize that the white are highly rated to the extent of using plane than the blacks who only deal with stones as shown by ââ¬Å"My black face fades hiding inside the black graniteâ⬠. It is clear that the black are viewed as people with no abilities to do anything substantial. In conclusion, symbolism and metaphor are essential aspects of poetry as explained by Timpane J. Watts M. & San Francisco State richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-60233665858203351272019-11-18T21:02:00.001-08:002019-11-18T21:02:03.009-08:00World War I Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 wordsWorld War I - Research Paper Example One must understand that there were a number of different reasons as to why the World War I broke out in the first place. The formation of the Central and the Allied alliances had a very essential role in lengthening the time period of the war which actually made this war into a very destructive one from a number of different aspects (Higham 2003). Within the Western and the Eastern fronts of Europe, there were clear cut signs of formation of armies and this played a huge role in erupting the war from the aegis if the sea. Essentially the war kicked off from these quarters. The role of the United States was immensely significant in starting the World War I. Similarly it played its decisive role at prolonging the war to great extents as well. There were a number of victories and losses within the World War I. However what is most important is the need to understand that the whole war was a huge loss to the society and the peoples of the different nations (Murphy 1979). Their lives were ended, properties decimates and so on and so forth. The humanity got a real shock from the domains of the leadership regimes working within the countries, who were actively or inactively involved within the war itself. So many of the children lost their parents, a number of them even lost their lives. Women lost their husbands and brothers to thi s war and hence the blow to the whole structure of the family was something that could easily be suggested as a major negative within the crux of the situation that took place during the length of the World War I (Walker 2001). The ending was also on a negative note, much like the whole period of the war. The victors might just have won the war but they were unable to win anything else apart from that. Killing innocent people is never considered a victory for any army or a nation so to speak. The interesting thing about World War I was that there were a number of different wars within the World War I richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-77541162056469776182019-11-16T09:35:00.001-08:002019-11-16T09:35:08.201-08:00English Literature Abstract Expressionism MovementEnglish Literature Abstract Expressionism Movement Abstract Expressionism Movement While it was generally conceded that Abstract Expressionism was spent, superseded by the rise of minimalism and Pop art in the early 1960s, Gustans work after 1968 signaled the end of the Idealism that had driven the movement. Some artists such as Newman, cited in (the book); had continued to question whether the New York School had existed at all, stating as late as 1965 that: there was never a movement in the conventional sense of a style, but a collection of individual voices. That is why to talk of the movement being dead is ridiculous. But I have found that this book although it in general, covers the factual information necessary to form a coherent opinion, it nevertheless, rambled, leaving the reader with limited knowledge that conceptualized a clear understanding. In essence, I found it hard to read, and that in some places it also repeated facts. Therefore, I gave serious consideration to the other listed books on the same subject, but further extended my research to more generalist books that covered the history of art. In returning to the text, Abstract Expressionism by Anfam (1990), which offers an albeit extended and sometimes incoherent journey through this subject, we can at least in part find some nuggets of information that carefully explain and discuss some of the wider concepts of abstract expressionism. But, to find the most sensible and coherent facts, I had to delve deeply into this volume, which at best, left the reader often lost and in many cul-de-sacs, where opinions were losing the force and direction of their meaning because of very poor signposting techniques used by the author. At best, the useful and expressive textual details were lost and to re-address this and to have some coherent understanding of the importance and standing of abstract expressionism, I had to cross reference many of the themes in this book, to other texts, which at best, allowed me to form an holistic and guided academic opinion on the movement. Therefore, this book review will provide some carefully constructed opinions guided by the chosen text, but, more fully engaged and directed by the supplementary reading undertaken. REVIEW Anfam (1990) in his work, Abstract Expressionism, suggests that there was a group of artists and like-minded people, who founded the movement. In doing so, he cites aspects of the modern history of the USA, in particular, the depression. In widening his argument, he also reveals some of the many parallels with the unrest within the French expressionism movement and equally rambles on to try to offer some formative cross referencing with the many expressive styles of other movements of the era. This discursive and sometimes lively debate is hampered by a clear lack of coherence, it leaves as stated in my introduction, the reader in many a cul-de-sac, with a real battle of wits to find some real and meaningful information that clearly nails down the subject of abstract expressionism in its diluted forms. The work of Pollock is often cited in the text to explain how artists use their work to show feelings and emotions, in part this aspect is explain and discussed in fine details that allow the reader to make some careful informed opinions. In particular Anfam (1990) tries his best to offer through he opening arguments contained in the introduction to the text, a socio-historical foundation for his later discussions, for example: before the second World War opens perspective that enfold the present. In microcosm we might compare of the western political power and culture after 1945. This interesting and meaningful conceptualization, offers some cohesion to the ongoing debate, setting the social and historical scene is crucial, in that, the World had just been through the most devastating periods of modern history, leaving a bereavement and albeit soulless notion of loss that impacted upon all aspects of society. From this vacuous void, came the development of what we know as modern sustainable artistic talents that in part, were able to bring a real flavour of expressing emotions through the wonderful and many diverse styles that were emerging out of this vacuum. The examples could be many, but for Anfram (1990), it is expressed in his notion that modern companies, that is commercial enterprises, became an everyday occurrence, in that, through abstract expressionism, revealed the founding symbols of modernity. Historically according to Anfram (1990) it is worthy of note, that the western world, in particular, the USA and UK, emerged from the devastation of World War I (WWII). But, more prudently, the USA emerged as the creditor, backer and in the main banker to the countries devastated by the war. A factor to only repeated some decades later. This often if not often obscured action by the USA, brought about the fundamental and sustainable changes in consumerism, fueled by the consistency and often aggressive expansion of industrialization across the Western World. Bringing about what we cited today as modern consumerism. However, what is also of crucial note, in particular for engaging artists, is the rise in the popular movements of mass culture and modern technology. Which impacted upon a world that had suddenly started to grow up out of the vacuum of aggressive conflict. What is abundantly clear from the history of art at this time, is that, Abstract Expressionism, although crisp and modern in its outlook, coupled with its diversity, it nevertheless, lacked clear shape, which was in the main, fuelled by the ever pessimistic negative vibrations that the depression and war years had invoked. Shaking off this cloud of pessimism would take some serious shock waves to kick start a new an meaningful movement that signaled the beginnings of what we now know as abstract expressionism (Gombrich 1984; Levey 1968). The early years of Abstract Expressionism, according to most theorist, (Balken 2005; Polcari 1999; Stangos (ed) 1981 Pickeral 2007); appeared to lacked shape against both this over whelming sense of optimism and yet another more negative vein, which had been intensified by the depression period. The clarity of the pre-depression period as seen in the artistic work of Charles Burchfield and Edward Harper, was fuelled by the onset fear that depression would bring, in so doing, their art revealed the styles that poignantly marked this period. This notional and albeit national fear is expressed in many of the texts used for this review, but, equally cited and noted in the core text by Anfram (1990). Interestingly his work reaches a watershed in which we have an interesting and yet revealing discourse about the artists of the period. However, it is not difficult to find his particular favorite. He in particular, cites in his discourse, the life and work of Pollock, citing the many and meaningful paths that his life took and how this impacted upon his revealing and yet sometimes provocative understanding of the thematic aspects of depression, one might even say, it is depressive and yet expressive art! The critique of Pollock by Anfram (1990), is one of the lighter parts of this text, in that we are provided with a snapshot history of this artist, his struggles and battles to live and develop as an expressive artist. In particular, we find a detailed history of his ancestry, to include the occupational aspects, upbringing and lifestyle of this Jewish family, set against a backdrop of his homeland. But, the most revealing facts are the way in which his argument convincingly places the links between Pollock and other artists like: Guston and Benton. This what could be seen a meeting of minds, signaled in part the foundational beginnings of Abstract Expressionism as we know style it. Some of the facts in the text are fascinating, in that, how life paths merge in the meeting of key personalities who make such significant marks on the landscape of art. For example: Anfram (1990) reveals how Pollock met Guston prior to his enrolment in 1930 at the Art Student League in New York, under the direction of Benton. This in itself to the writer seems uncanny and yet perfectly placed in that what came out of the merging of these personal journeys is a breath taking step in the history of modern art. What is fundamentally clear, is that Pollocks own personal history and upbringing reveals a man who had engaged in and fully experienced the construction of depression in all its many sometimes stark and conflicting facets. His journey is clearly a meaningful aspect of the work of Anfram (1990), who lyrically expresses great interest in ensuring his readers are informed of the important fact about Pollock, but, most importantly, showing how this upbringing, made the man and ultimately the artist and his style. It is worth noting some of those facts. Pollock knew all about the depression as his family had to flea the Baltic states, as a Jewish family like that of his peers, Rothko Siskind, he would have to settle in another land to ensure that it would not be so difficult for him to explore his artistic talents, and so his coming to america was a significant step in the story of Abstract Expressionism. For him to have remained in such a stark country that was consistently engaged in political unrest would have changed the focus of this concept of art as we now know it. It is also fairly obvious that Anfram (1990) has a passion for Guston, in that he equally sets his reader on a research quest from his revealing treatment about this artist. He states that Guston has known all about oppression and in so doing, in equal measure his knowledge of the sectarian movement, known as the Klu Klux Klan, whose membership in the 1920 s prior to the 1930s depression topped a staggering five million. If we place both Pollock and Guston alongside each other patterns emerge, in that, Anfram (1990) clearly wants his readers to make some informed opinion and clarity towards how expressionism was founded. Perhaps the missing signposting of his book is in part due to his stop, think and link approach. If we do just that, we can find that, it does not take long to place the constructions of depression in Pollocks background, and the oppression, noted in Guston background bring together the emotional expressive constructions that are revealed by both artists through their conceptualized notion of what they seen and perceive as Abstract Expressionism, that allows the artist in a sometimes breathtaking manner, to engage the viewers of such works, to think outside the box, in other words, see beyond the form, revealing the pain and emotions that are depression and oppression (Gombrich 1984). Anfram (1990) continues his revealing and yet peppered approach to this important movement with his critique of the 1930s depression, treating his readers to, in part have some understanding of the stuggle and battles fought and won by many of the artists of the period. It is obvious that no artist had had an easy journey, on the contrary, the movement had, brought the conceptualization of what is art kicking and screaming into a more coherent and modern take, that allowed for at best, the artist to think and construct outside the box, in so doing, draw in a more liberalized breath of fresh air in to the stifling world of the artist. As the development of Abstract Expressionism, took root, according to Anfram (1990) the 1950s saw a merging of like minded artists, who for the first time were able to finally break with the traditional constructions that had shackled art. This is poignantly revealed in the citation of the New York, Studio 35 conference, in which what is now know as a contradictory discussion allowed for artist to finally discuss and exchange ideas about how each participant broke with the sometimes constrictive traditional media, techniques and constructs that embedded art at its core. The outcome being, what can only be described as a breach of fresh air. What came out of this merging of minds, were a constituted advance in painting, sculpture and even photography. Questions that once thwarted artists were now in vogue and could be explored without constriction: Should it be Abstract or should it be representational? Would foreigner influence vitiates or even strengthens it? Would expression of feeling of the reality of the medium and of everyday? These were the fundamental poignant questions that came out of it in the 1930s, without which we would never have seen to a certain extent, Cubism, Social Realism to name but two aspect of what can be perceived as art outside the box. Briefly it is worth noting some of the constructs that came forward. At this period of time cubism was the normal Art like that of Bombardnent, who was fully engaged in Realism and Cubism. During the 1941 to 1943 period, Clement Greenburg edited an arts magazine, and befriended serial Abstract Expressionists and would cite them as a representation of a new American Art This coupled with the fact that Gorky in his remarks that Social Realism was the form of poor art for the poor people, where as the writers associated with the magazine Parisian Review, which was funded in the 1934 on the Stalinist times, would express diverse and yet carefully constructed remarks that fuelled the debate that has informed and constructed Abstract Expressionism'(Anfram 1990; Gombrich 1984). The text become repetitive in parts in that, it consistently appears to reinforce the facts presented to the reader for example. It over emphasizes the foundations and founder of what is seen to be modern abstract expressionism. Although what is helpful is the authors pick of the best examples of strong abstract expressionists, like: Newman, Pollock, Greenberg, Hofmann, De-Kooning, Gorky, Graham and Krasner. Pollocks artistic methods are carefully followed and explained, in that is it most obvious to the reader that the author is absolutely enthralled with his work. But, interestingly, he again peppers his work with historical facts like, the fact that: the Boston inst of modern Art switched its titular modern to contemporary and the senator George Dondero, denounced non-academic twenty century painting as communist subversion, so Abstraction once again acquired the radical aura that it held for a previous generation (Anfram 1990). Abstract Expressionism always resisted a single collective identity based on style, theories or even social ties. In comparison to Abstract Expressionism and the modern experience by Stephen Polcari 1999, The book under review, is easier to read and one can understand, and can even in formality of the introduction fined relevant and factual information, from which opinions can be formed, for example: there were few Americans Artists, critics, or even modern art historians of the 1950s and early 1960s who did not cut their teeth on it From it very beginnings, Abstract Expressionism has been interpreted in the light of the cultural and intellect of the 1950s artists and theorist, who understood Abstract Expressionism as Harold Rosenbergs typically defined action painting. According to which the artist theatrically expressed their personal anguish on a blank canvas, with little attention to form, style, or subject matter, for Rosenberg, painting was an autobiographical act of self-creation in the everyday world, and the expression of individual personality. Therefore, it can be viewed that the way that Abstract Expressionism looks to the writer, as if, in typical fashion, you just simply splash your thinking and feelings by just letting yourself go and just splurge it onto a canvas and with such painting, you could in fact come up with a not dissimilar work of art. But, never forgetting in the typical construction of this style, to let the paint do all the work with the brushes. In a shape and form of it own. The reviewed book then goes onto explaining where the movement of abstract expressionism came from and what earlier art movements helped it on its way, this gives any reader far better understanding and layout of what the movement conceptualizes. In the words of the author:- giving the art the best pedigree by linking it with impressionism, Cubism and Surrealism this formalist approach focused on the Abstract expressionism stylistic evolution while proposing for them an exclusive concern with the formal questions: purifying the medium, squeezing out illusionism, and remaking space and a optical rather than tactile . CONCLUSION Therefore, it can be attested, that many of the movements discussed as impacting on abstract expressionism are all clearly linked, one could even say that Surrealism been linked to pagan art, in that, they are all from the same family breeding. So therefore conceptual pagan art would notably come under all of these modernist art movements, even socialism can be placed into this context even if it does have its foundations in Russian history. What is interesting is that, all are from a similar systemic background; perhaps, it could be reviewed that they should all be grouped in one mass movement, like that of the early 20th century movement created through, mass observation. But, what is fundamentally of note, in that, art moves and changes constantly, and for any artist, theorist or aspiring artist, it can be very hard to keep up with it evolution. To note this: the big bang theory of abstract expressionism, as ROBERT ROSEBBERG was wittily called it, argued that this abstract work erupted and suddenly. Fully-grown from virtually no where. This perhaps flippant academic remark, makes it sound that abstract expressionism, grew up to quickly upstage, more formal and founding artistic concepts and movements. But, as one can see in the rise of Surrealism, it took between 10-20 years to mature, so inevitably so will this movement, as it has and continues to do so, with ever evolving creations, like the dynamic art being explored in Paganism. Therefore, it can be concluded that art evolves, movements come and go, but the strength and breadth of the artist will always be creatively and in vogue. BIBLIOGRAPHY ANFAM; D. (1990) Abstract Expressionism Thames Hudson BALKEN; D. (2005) Movement In Modern Art Abstract Expressionism TATE Publishing GOMBRICH; E. H. (1984) The History of Art Fourth Edition; Phaidon. Oxford. LEVEY; M. (1968) A History of Western Art Thames Hudson. London. POLCARI; S. (1999) Abstract Expressionism And The Modern Experience UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE STANGOS; N. (1981) Concepts of Modern Art Thames Hudson richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1901870000417120571.post-72862221305954313092019-11-13T22:06:00.001-08:002019-11-13T22:06:03.699-08:00E.B. Whites The Ring Of Time Essay -- White Ring Time Essays PapersE.B. White's The Ring Of Time In E.B. White?s The Ring of Time, the author gives a narrative account of his trip to a circus rehearsal where he describes a fascinating scene of a young girl practicing a horse act for an upcoming show. As a writer, he feels it is his obligation to record the events he is witnessing, and convey this to his readers without leaving anything out. However difficult this may be, the beautiful and fleeting moment is something he wishes to ultimately capture. When he arrives on the scene, White senses something magical about the surroundings of this circus as it undergoes a rehearsal, but he is primarily fixed on a young woman who passes by him. The young ?cleverly proportioned, deeply browned by the sun, dusty, eager, and almost naked'; girl is the one thi... richardherrera189http://www.blogger.com/profile/16541872434841249938noreply@blogger.com0